{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T03:21:22Z","timestamp":1791084082839,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,23]],"date-time":"2021-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629676800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We report the first outbreak of a new type of mass sociogenic illness that in contrast to all previously reported episodes is spread solely via social media. Accordingly, we suggest the more specific term \u2018mass social media-induced illness\u2019.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>In Germany, the current outbreak of mass social media-induced illness is initiated by a \u2018virtual\u2019 index case, who is the second most successful YouTube creator in Germany and enjoys enormous popularity among young people. Affected teenagers present with similar or identical functional \u2018Tourette-like\u2019 behaviours, which can be clearly differentiated from tics in Tourette syndrome.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Functional \u2018Tourette-like\u2019 symptoms can be regarded as the \u2018modern\u2019 form of the well-known motor variant of mass sociogenic illness. Moreover, they can be viewed as the 21st century expression of a culture-bound stress reaction of our post-modern society emphasizing the uniqueness of individuals and valuing their alleged exceptionality, thus promoting attention-seeking behaviours and aggravating the permanent identity crisis of modern man. We wish to raise awareness of the current global Tourette-like mass social media-induced illness outbreak. A large number of young people across different countries are affected, with considerable impact on health care systems and society as a whole, since spread via social media is no longer restricted to specific locations such as local communities or school environments spread via social media is no longer restricted to specific locations such as schools or towns.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awab316","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,20]],"date-time":"2021-08-20T15:17:40Z","timestamp":1629472660000},"page":"476-480","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":105,"title":["Stop that! It\u2019s not Tourette\u2019s but a new type of mass sociogenic illness"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7181-7419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kirsten R","family":"M\u00fcller-Vahl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Pisarenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ewgeni","family":"Jakubovski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolin","family":"Fremer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Socialpsychiatry and Psychotherapy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"2022041812222930700_awab316-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1258\/jrsm.2012.120053","article-title":"Mass psychogenic illness and the social network: Is it changing the pattern of outbreaks?","volume":"105","author":"Bartholomew","year":"2012","journal-title":"J R Soc Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2022041812222930700_awab316-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200001133420206","article-title":"Mass psychogenic illness attributed to toxic exposure at a high school","volume":"342","author":"Jones","year":"2000","journal-title":"N 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