{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T05:16:06Z","timestamp":1791954966742,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":168,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,9]],"date-time":"2021-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1639008000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The complex and dynamic system of fluid flow through the perivascular and interstitial spaces of the CNS has new-found implications for neurological diseases. CSF movement throughout the CNS parenchyma is more dynamic than could be explained via passive diffusion mechanisms alone. Indeed, a semistructured glial-lymphatic (glymphatic) system of astrocyte-supported extracellular perivascular channels serves to directionally channel extracellular fluid, clearing metabolites and peptides to optimize neurological function. Clinical studies of the glymphatic network have to date proven challenging, with most data gleaned from rodent models and post-mortem investigations. However, increasing evidence suggests that disordered glymphatic function contributes to the pathophysiology of CNS ageing, neurodegenerative disease and CNS injuries, as well as normal pressure hydrocephalus. Unlocking such pathophysiology could provide important avenues towards novel therapeutics. We here provide a multidisciplinary overview of glymphatics and critically review accumulating evidence regarding its structure, function and hypothesized relevance to neurological disease. We highlight emerging technologies of relevance to the longitudinal evaluation of glymphatic function in health and disease. Finally, we discuss the translational opportunities and challenges of studying glymphatic science.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awab428","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,3]],"date-time":"2021-12-03T15:11:51Z","timestamp":1638544311000},"page":"843-857","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":100,"title":["A clinical primer for the glymphatic system"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3568-740X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucas P","family":"Carlstrom","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Eltanahy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Avital","family":"Perry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandro A","family":"Rabinstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benjamin D","family":"Elder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan M","family":"Morris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroradiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fredric B","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher S","family":"Graffeo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iben","family":"Lundgaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund 228 11 Sweden"},{"name":"Wallenberg Center for Molecular Medicine, Lund University, Lund 228 11 Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Terry C","family":"Burns","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurologic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,9]]},"reference":[{"issue":"49","key":"2022042902214242200_awab428-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16180","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3020-14.2014","article-title":"Impairment of glymphatic pathway function promotes tau pathology after traumatic brain injury","volume":"34","author":"Iliff","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Neurosci."},{"issue":"147","key":"2022042902214242200_awab428-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147ra111","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3003748","article-title":"A paravascular pathway facilitates CSF flow through the brain parenchyma and the clearance of interstitial solutes, including amyloid beta","volume":"4","author":"Iliff","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med."},{"key":"2022042902214242200_awab428-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5876-11-107","article-title":"Evaluating 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