{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T00:09:23Z","timestamp":1790122163113,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,29]],"date-time":"2022-04-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1651190400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"FIDINAM"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100022222","name":"Parkinson Schweiz","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100022222","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009575","name":"Jacques und Gloria Gossweiler Stiftung","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009575","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Abnormal accumulation of microtubule-associated protein tau (\u03c4) is a characteristic feature of atypical parkinsonisms with tauopathies, such as progressive supranuclear palsy and corticobasal degeneration. However, pathological \u03c4 has also been observed in \u03b1-synucleinopathies like Parkinson\u2019s disease and multiple system atrophy. Based on the involvement of the peripheral nervous system in several neurodegenerative diseases, we characterized and compared \u03c4 expression in skin biopsies of patients clinically diagnosed with Parkinson\u2019s disease, multiple system atrophy, progressive supranuclear palsy and corticobasal degeneration and in healthy control subjects.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>In all groups, \u03c4 protein was detected along both somatosensory and autonomic nerve fibres in the epidermis and dermis by immunofluorescence. We found by western blot the presence of mainly two different bands at 55 and 70 kDa, co-migrating with 0N4R\/1N3R and 2N4R isoforms, respectively. At the RNA level, the main transcript variants were 2N and 4R, and both were more expressed in progressive supranuclear palsy\/corticobasal degeneration by real-time PCR. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay demonstrated significantly higher levels of total \u03c4 protein in skin lysates of progressive supranuclear palsy\/corticobasal degeneration compared to the other groups. Multivariate regression analysis and receiver operating characteristics curve analysis of \u03c4 amount at both sites showed a clinical association with tauopathies diagnosis and high diagnostic value for progressive supranuclear palsy\/corticobasal degeneration versus Parkinson\u2019s disease (sensitivity 90%, specificity 69%) and progressive supranuclear palsy\/corticobasal degeneration versus multiple system atrophy (sensitivity 90%, specificity 86%). \u03c4 protein increase correlated with cognitive impairment in progressive supranuclear palsy\/corticobasal degeneration.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>This study is a comprehensive characterization of \u03c4 in the human cutaneous peripheral nervous system in physiological and pathological conditions. The differential expression of \u03c4, both at transcript and protein levels, suggests that skin biopsy, an easily accessible and minimally invasive exam, can help in discriminating among different neurodegenerative diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awac161","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,27]],"date-time":"2022-04-27T19:32:55Z","timestamp":1651087975000},"page":"2755-2768","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Tau protein quantification in skin biopsies differentiates tauopathies from alpha-synucleinopathies"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8419-277X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"Vacchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratories for Translational Research, Neurocenter of Southern Switzerland, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale , Lugano , Switzerland"},{"name":"Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Universit\u00e0 della Svizzera italiana , Lugano , 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