{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T02:02:21Z","timestamp":1791511341877,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,15]],"date-time":"2022-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671062400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key Research"},{"name":"Development Program of China","award":["2018YFA0108000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018YFA0108000"]}]},{"name":"Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences","award":["XDB32010100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XDB32010100"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["82222021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82222021"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["32270849"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32270849"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["82130048"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82130048"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["81974174"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81974174"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["81720108018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81720108018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["32170806"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32170806"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology","award":["2018SHZDZX05"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018SHZDZX05"]}]},{"name":"Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology","award":["2018SHZDZX01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018SHZDZX01"]}]},{"name":"ZJ Lab"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020441","name":"Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Technology","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020441","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Major Research Projects for Young and Middle-aged People of Fujian Province","award":["2021ZQNZD017"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021ZQNZD017"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011256","name":"State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["SKLN-201704"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SKLN-201704"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011256","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Science and Technology Innovation","award":["2021ZD0200900"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021ZD0200900"]}]},{"name":"Shanghai outstanding academic leaders plan","award":["22XD1420800"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22XD1420800"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Perinatal hypoxic\u2013ischaemic encephalopathy is the leading cause of neonatal death and permanent neurological deficits, while the basal ganglia is one of the major nuclei that is selectively and greatly affected in the brains of hypoxic\u2013ischaemic encephalopathy patients, especially in severe cases. Human embryonic stem cell-derived neurons have shown great potential in different types of brain disorders in adults. However, it remains unknown whether and how grafted human embryonic stem cell-derived neurons can repair immature brains with hypoxic\u2013ischaemic encephalopathy.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Here, by administrating genetically labelled human embryonic stem cell-derived striatal neural progenitors into the ipsilateral striatum of hypoxic\u2013ischaemic encephalopathy-injured mice, we found that the grafted cells gradually matured into GABA spiny projection neurons morphologically and electrophysiologically, and significantly rescued the area loss of hypoxic\u2013ischaemic encephalopathy-injured brains. Intriguingly, using immunohistochemical staining combined with enhanced ascorbate peroxidase-based immunoelectron microscopy and rabies virus-mediated trans-synaptic tracing, we show that the grafts start to extend axonal projections to the endogenous target areas (globus pallidus externa, globus pallidus internus, substantia nigra), form synapses with host striatal, globus pallidus and nigra neurons, and receive extensive and stable synaptic inputs as early as 2 months post-transplantation. Importantly, we further demonstrated functional neural circuits re-established between the grafted neurons and host cortical, striatal and substantial nigra neurons at 3\u20136 months post-transplantation in the hypoxic\u2013ischaemic encephalopathy-injured brain by optogenetics combined with electrophysiological recording. Finally, the transplanted striatal spiny projection neurons but not spinal GABA neurons restored the motor defects of hypoxic\u2013ischaemic encephalopathy, which were reversed by clozapine-N-oxide-based inhibition of graft function.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>These findings demonstrate anatomical and functional reconstruction of the basal ganglia neural circuit including multiple loops by striatal spiny projection neurons in hypoxic\u2013ischaemic encephalopathy-injured immature brains, which raises the possibility of such a cell replacement therapeutic strategy for hypoxic\u2013ischaemic encephalopathy in neonates.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awac358","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,15]],"date-time":"2022-12-15T00:07:27Z","timestamp":1671062847000},"page":"612-628","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Functional reconstruction of the basal ganglia neural circuit by human striatal neurons in hypoxic\u2013ischaemic injured brain"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"146","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9888-0189","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaoli","family":"Ji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Stem Cell Center, Children\u2019s Hospital of Fudan University , Shanghai 201102 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yingying","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200031 , China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qinqin","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200031 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200031 , China"},{"name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ziyan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200031 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ban","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200031 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuting","family":"Mei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stem Cell Center, Children\u2019s Hospital of Fudan University , Shanghai 201102 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stem Cell Center, Children\u2019s Hospital of Fudan University , Shanghai 201102 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenhao","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases of National Health Ministry, Children's Hospital, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Fudan University , Shanghai 200032 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuejun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neuroscience, State Key Laboratory of Neuroscience, CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200031 , China"},{"name":"Shanghai Center for Brain Science and Brain-Inspired Intelligence Technology , Shanghai , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Man","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Stem Cell Center of Children's hospital, Fudan University , Shanghai 200032 , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1001\/jamapediatrics.2014.3269","article-title":"Hypoxic\u2013ischemic encephalopathy: A review for the clinician","volume":"169","author":"Douglas-Escobar","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Pediatr"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.3345\/cep.2021.00164","article-title":"Cognitive outcomes in late childhood and adolescence of neonatal hypoxic\u2013ischemic encephalopathy","volume":"64","author":"Lee","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Exp Pediatr"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1315788","article-title":"Effects of hypothermia for perinatal asphyxia on childhood outcomes","volume":"371","author":"Azzopardi","year":"2014","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2013.02.003","article-title":"Long-term neurodevelopmental outcome with hypoxic\u2013ischemic encephalopathy","volume":"163","author":"Perez","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1159\/000444905","article-title":"Stem cells for neonatal brain disorders","volume":"109","author":"Ahn","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neonatology"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2018.05.004","article-title":"Neural stem cell therapies and hypoxic\u2013ischemic brain injury","volume":"173","author":"Huang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Prog Neurobiol"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1111\/jnc.15267","article-title":"Neuroprotection offered by mesenchymal stem cells in perinatal brain injury: Role of mitochondria, inflammation, and reactive oxygen species","volume":"158","author":"Nair","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Neurochem"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.24548","article-title":"Umbilical cord blood stem cell therapy in premature brain injury: Opportunities and challenges","volume":"98","author":"Peng","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Neurosci Res"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1707","DOI":"10.1177\/0271678X20972656","article-title":"Intravenously delivered multilineage-differentiating stress enduring cells dampen excessive glutamate metabolism and microglial activation in experimental perinatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy","volume":"41","author":"Suzuki","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Cereb Blood Flow Metab"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.4103\/bc.bc_7_21","article-title":"Cell-based treatment for perinatal hypoxic\u2013ischemic encephalopathy","volume":"7","author":"Park","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain Circ"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2078","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms17122078","article-title":"Oxidative stress in hypoxic\u2013ischemic encephalopathy: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic strategies","volume":"17","author":"Zhao","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.290875","article-title":"Role of apoptosis-inducing factor in perinatal hypoxic\u2013ischemic brain injury","volume":"16","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neural Regen Res"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/4901014","article-title":"Plasticity in the neonatal brain following hypoxic\u2013ischaemic injury","volume":"2016","author":"Rocha-Ferreira","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neural Plast"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2013.06.010","article-title":"Placental pathology in full-term infants with hypoxic\u2013ischemic neonatal encephalopathy and association with magnetic resonance imaging pattern of brain injury","volume":"163","author":"Harteman","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2055","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31821f442d","article-title":"Predicting motor outcome and death in term hypoxic\u2013ischemic encephalopathy","volume":"76","author":"Martinez-Biarge","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"991","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci10120991","article-title":"Predictive values of location and volumetric MRI injury patterns for neurodevelopmental outcomes in hypoxic\u2013ischemic encephalopathy neonates","volume":"10","author":"Chang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain Sci"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(94)00504-X","article-title":"Repeated asphyxia causes loss of striatal projection neurons in the fetal sheep brain","volume":"65","author":"Mallard","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neuroscience"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceca.2004.02.010","article-title":"Calcium signaling and neuronal vulnerability to ischemia in the striatum","volume":"36","author":"Pisani","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cell Calcium"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3561","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awt278","article-title":"Human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cortical neurons integrate in stroke-injured cortex and improve functional recovery","volume":"136","author":"Tornero","year":"2013","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2012.01.021","article-title":"Human embryonic stem cell-derived GABA neurons correct locomotion deficits in quinolinic acid-lesioned mice","volume":"10","author":"Ma","year":"2012","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"635","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2018.08.005","article-title":"A chemical recipe for generation of clinical-grade striatal neurons from hESCs","volume":"11","author":"Wu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Stem Cell Rep"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B22","first-page":"692","article-title":"Synaptic inputs from stroke-injured brain to grafted human stem cell-derived neurons activated by sensory stimuli","volume":"140","author":"Tornero","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9094","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2000690117","article-title":"Activity in grafted human iPS cell-derived cortical neurons integrated in stroke-injured rat brain regulates motor behavior","volume":"117","author":"Palma-Tortosa","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stemcr.2020.03.018","article-title":"Stem cell-derived human striatal progenitors innervate striatal targets and alleviate sensorimotor deficit in a rat model of Huntington disease","volume":"14","author":"Besusso","year":"2020","journal-title":"Stem Cell Rep"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2020.08.014","article-title":"Human stem cell-derived neurons repair circuits and restore neural function","volume":"28","author":"Xiong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1145","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.20537","article-title":"Transcriptional regulation of scar gene expression in primary astrocytes","volume":"55","author":"Gris","year":"2007","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1203\/01.PDR.0000157673.36848.67","article-title":"Distinctive neuropathologic alterations in the deep layers of the parietal cortex after moderate ischemic\u2013hypoxic injury in the P3 immature rat brain","volume":"57","author":"Sizonenko","year":"2005","journal-title":"Pediatr Res"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mad.2019.111147","article-title":"Ischemic stroke in neonatal and adult astrocytes","volume":"183","author":"Revuelta","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mech Ageing Dev"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2220","DOI":"10.1002\/glia.22887","article-title":"Resident microglia, rather than blood-derived macrophages, contribute to the earlier and more pronounced inflammatory reaction in the immature compared with the adult hippocampus after hypoxia\u2013ischemia","volume":"63","author":"Umekawa","year":"2015","journal-title":"Glia"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2008.11.005","article-title":"Striatal plasticity and basal ganglia circuit function","volume":"60","author":"Kreitzer","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.2007-0620","article-title":"Directed differentiation of ventral spinal progenitors and motor neurons from human embryonic stem cells by small molecules","volume":"26","author":"Li","year":"2008","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2009.03.011","article-title":"Post-ischemic hypothermia for 24 h in P7 rats rescues hippocampal neuron: Association with decreased astrocyte activation and inflammatory cytokine expression","volume":"79","author":"Xiong","year":"2009","journal-title":"Brain Res Bull"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/nlx046","article-title":"Insights into the neuroinflammatory responses after neonatal hypoxia\u2013ischemia","volume":"76","author":"Ziemka-Nalecz","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3833-10.2011","article-title":"Functional connectome of the striatal medium spiny neuron","volume":"31","author":"Chuhma","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e15015","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.15015","article-title":"Reconstruction of genetically identified neurons imaged by serial-section electron microscopy","volume":"5","author":"Joesch","year":"2016","journal-title":"Elife"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2007.01.033","article-title":"Monosynaptic restriction of transsynaptic tracing from single, genetically targeted neurons","volume":"53","author":"Wickersham","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B37","article-title":"Whole-brain mapping of inputs to projection neurons and cholinergic interneurons in the dorsal striatum","volume":"10","author":"Guo","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"817","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2016.03.014","article-title":"Chemical control of grafted human PSC-derived neurons in a mouse model of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"18","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2018.02.006","article-title":"Interaction between hypothermia and delayed mesenchymal stem cell therapy in neonatal hypoxic\u2013ischemic brain injury","volume":"70","author":"Herz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.109.573691","article-title":"Human neural stem cell grafts modify microglial response and enhance axonal sprouting in neonatal hypoxic\u2013ischemic brain injury","volume":"41","author":"Daadi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pediatrneurol.2007.10.007","article-title":"Neural stem cells reduce brain injury after unilateral carotid ligation","volume":"38","author":"Comi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatr Neurol"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2962","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awm200","article-title":"Expression of FGF-2 in neural progenitor cells enhances their potential for cellular brain repair in the rodent cortex","volume":"130","author":"Dayer","year":"2007","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt751","article-title":"The injured brain interacts reciprocally with neural stem cells supported by scaffolds to reconstitute lost tissue","volume":"20","author":"Park","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.2005.103.1.0124","article-title":"Multi-germ layer lineage central nervous system repair: Nerve and vascular cell generation by embryonic stem cells transplanted in the injured brain","volume":"103","author":"Vadivelu","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2014.09.017","article-title":"Human ESC-derived dopamine neurons show similar preclinical efficacy and potency to fetal neurons when grafted in a rat model of Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"15","author":"Grealish","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09612","article-title":"Regulation of synaptic connectivity by glia","volume":"468","author":"Eroglu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3379","article-title":"Neurotrophin regulation of neural circuit development and function","volume":"14","author":"Park","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.2005-0188","article-title":"Human embryonic stem cells and their differentiated derivatives are less susceptible to immune rejection than adult cells","volume":"24","author":"Drukker","year":"2006","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"859","DOI":"10.1038\/nri934","article-title":"Stem cell medicine encounters the immune system","volume":"2","author":"Bradley","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2021.01.004","article-title":"Preclinical efficacy and safety of a human embryonic stem cell-derived midbrain dopamine progenitor product, MSK-DA01","volume":"28","author":"Piao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1038\/546015a","article-title":"Trials of embryonic stem cells to launch in China","volume":"546","author":"Cyranoski","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1926","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1915872","article-title":"Personalized iPSC-derived dopamine progenitor cells for Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"382","author":"Schweitzer","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2023021318531974200_awac358-B53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1038","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1608368","article-title":"Autologous induced stem-cell-derived retinal cells for macular degeneration","volume":"376","author":"Mandai","year":"2017","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"}],"container-title":["Brain"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/brain\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/brain\/awac358\/47772636\/awac358.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/brain\/article-pdf\/146\/2\/612\/49171930\/awac358.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/brain\/article-pdf\/146\/2\/612\/49171930\/awac358.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,13]],"date-time":"2023-02-13T18:57:13Z","timestamp":1676314633000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/brain\/article\/146\/2\/612\/6887102"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,15]]},"references-count":53,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,15]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,13]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/awac358","relation":{},"ISSN":["0006-8950","1460-2156"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0006-8950","type":"print"},{"value":"1460-2156","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,15]]}}}