{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T21:48:48Z","timestamp":1793137728381,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":183,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,21]],"date-time":"2022-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668988800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIH Intramural Research Training Award"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005984","name":"Adelson Medical Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005984","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This article reviews recent developments in the application of cell-free DNA-based liquid biopsies to neurological diseases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Over the past few decades, an explosion of interest in the use of accessible biofluids to identify and track molecular disease has revolutionized the fields of oncology, prenatal medicine and others. More recently, technological advances in signal detection have allowed for informative analysis of biofluids that are typically sparse in cells and other circulating components, such as CSF. In parallel, advancements in epigenetic profiling have allowed for novel applications of liquid biopsies to diseases without characteristic mutational profiles, including many degenerative, autoimmune, inflammatory, ischaemic and infectious disorders. These events have paved the way for a wide array of neurological conditions to benefit from enhanced diagnostic, prognostic, and treatment abilities through the use of liquid biomarkers: a \u2018liquid biopsy\u2019 approach.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>This review includes an overview of types of liquid biopsy targets with a focus on circulating cell-free DNA, methods used to identify and probe potential liquid biomarkers, and recent applications of such biomarkers to a variety of complex neurological conditions including CNS tumours, stroke, traumatic brain injury, Alzheimer\u2019s disease, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis and neuroinfectious disease. Finally, the challenges of translating liquid biopsies to use in clinical neurology settings\u2014and the opportunities for improvement in disease management that such translation may provide\u2014are discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awac438","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,18]],"date-time":"2022-11-18T17:58:29Z","timestamp":1668794309000},"page":"1758-1774","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":79,"title":["Cell-free DNA-based liquid biopsies in neurology"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"146","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6656-607X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hallie","family":"Gaitsch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"NIH-Oxford-Cambridge Scholars Program, Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute and Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Cambridge , Cambridge CB2 1TN , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robin J M","family":"Franklin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Altos Labs, Cambridge Institute of Science , Cambridge CB21 6GP , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2628-4334","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel S","family":"Reich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Neuroradiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health , Bethesda, MD 20892 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023050200141269300_awac438-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"482","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmed.2020.12.011","article-title":"Liquid biopsy of methylation biomarkers in cell-free DNA","volume":"27","author":"Luo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trends Mol 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