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This is especially important after unexpected results in trials evaluating disease-modifying therapies targeting amyloid-\u03b2 (A\u03b2), where morphological metrics from MRI showed increased volume loss despite promising clinical treatment effects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>In this study, changes over time in cortical mean diffusivity, derived using diffusion tensor imaging, were investigated in a large cohort (n = 424) of non-demented participants from the Swedish BioFINDER study. Participants were stratified following the A\u03b2\/tau (AT) framework. The results revealed a widespread increase in mean diffusivity over time, including both temporal and parietal cortical regions, in A\u03b2-positive but still tau-negative individuals. These increases were steeper in A\u03b2-positive and tau-positive individuals and robust to the inclusion of cortical thickness in the model. A steeper increase in mean diffusivity was also associated with both changes over time in fluid markers reflecting astrocytic activity (i.e. plasma level of glial fibrillary acidic protein and CSF levels of YKL-40) and worsening of cognitive performance (all P &amp;lt; 0.01).<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>By tracking cortical microstructural changes over time and possibly reflecting variations related to the astrocytic response, cortical mean diffusivity emerges as a promising marker for tracking treatments-induced microstructural changes in clinical trials.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awad428","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,21]],"date-time":"2023-12-21T19:21:15Z","timestamp":1703186475000},"page":"961-969","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Diffusion MRI tracks cortical microstructural changes during the early stages of Alzheimer\u2019s 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Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8649-9874","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danielle","family":"van Westen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Malm\u00f6, Lund University , 223 62 Lund , Sweden"},{"name":"Diagnostic Radiology, Institution for Clinical Sciences, Lund University , 221 85 Lund , Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8467-7286","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oskar","family":"Hansson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Malm\u00f6, Lund University , 223 62 Lund , Sweden"},{"name":"Memory Clinic, Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital , 214 28 Malm\u00f6 , 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