{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T00:27:01Z","timestamp":1792024021763,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":154,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]],"date-time":"2025-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764288000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"New Frontiers in Research Foundation","award":["NFRFE-2024-01097"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NFRFE-2024-01097"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000238","name":"Brain Tumour Foundation of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000238","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The discovery of the glymphatic system and meningeal lymphatic vessels revolutionized the understanding of brain waste clearance. These findings challenged the long-held notion of CNS immune privilege and provided insights into how the brain maintains homeostasis despite lacking conventional lymphatic drainage. However, the impact of pathological conditions, particularly CNS cancers, on the glymphatic system and vice versa remains underexplored.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive primary adult CNS cancer. Its presence results in glymphatic dysfunction with significant clinical implications. Recent studies suggest that the glymphatic system interacts with GBM to influence immunity, drug delivery, fluid regulation and tumour progression, stressing its significant role in GBM biology and potentially treatment response.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>This review highlights the evidence for glymphatic dysfunction in GBM and its consequences. Furthermore, we discuss the potential to harness the power of the glymphatic system to improve patient outcomes in this terrible disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awaf449","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,27]],"date-time":"2025-11-27T13:05:30Z","timestamp":1764248730000},"page":"1485-1497","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The glymphatic system and glioblastoma"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"149","author":[{"given":"Andrea","family":"Soumbasis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Foothills Medical Centre , Calgary, AB T2N 2T9 ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary , Calgary, AB T2N 4N1 ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9967-7200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aito","family":"Ueno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Foothills Medical Centre , Calgary, AB T2N 2T9 ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary , Calgary, AB T2N 4N1 ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary , Calgary, AB T2N 4N1 ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary , Calgary, AB T2N 4N1 ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Elliott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary , Calgary, AB T2N 4N1 ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary , Calgary, AB T2N 4N1 ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute Advanced Microscopy Platform, University of Calgary , Calgary, AB T2N 4N1 ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sanju","family":"Lama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Foothills Medical Centre , Calgary, AB T2N 2T9 ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary , Calgary, AB T2N 4N1 ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary , Calgary, AB T2N 4N1 ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Project neuroArm, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary , Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6 ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Foothills Medical Centre , Calgary, AB T2N 2T9 ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yves P","family":"Starreveld","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Foothills Medical Centre , Calgary, AB T2N 2T9 ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary , Calgary, AB T2N 4N1 ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunyan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Foothills Medical Centre , Calgary, AB T2N 2T9 ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary , Calgary, AB T2N 4N1 ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary , Calgary, AB T2N 4N1 ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Foothills Medical Centre , Calgary, AB T2N 2T9 ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Federico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Foothills Medical Centre , Calgary, AB T2N 2T9 ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary , Calgary, AB T2N 4N1 ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary , Calgary, AB T2N 4N1 ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Foothills Medical Centre , Calgary, AB T2N 2T9 ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Garnette R","family":"Sutherland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Foothills Medical Centre , Calgary, AB T2N 2T9 ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary , Calgary, AB T2N 4N1 ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary , Calgary, AB T2N 4N1 ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Project neuroArm, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary , Calgary, AB T2N 4Z6 ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"LeVan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary , Calgary, AB T2N 4N1 ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary , Calgary, AB T2N 4N1 ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Department of Radiology, Foothills Medical Centre , Calgary, AB T2N 2T9 ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Children\u2019s Hospital , Calgary, AB T3B 6A8 ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Alberta Children\u2019s Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary , Calgary, AB T2N 4N1 ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8990-8431","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Candice C","family":"Poon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Foothills Medical Centre , Calgary, AB T2N 2T9 ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary , Calgary, AB T2N 4N1 ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary , Calgary, AB T2N 4N1 ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Arnie Charbonneau Cancer Institute, University of Calgary , Calgary, AB T2N 4N1 ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Alberta Children\u2019s Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary , Calgary, AB T2N 4N1 ,","place":["Canada"]},{"name":"Department of Oncology, Foothills Medical Centre , Calgary, AB T2N 2T9 ,","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026050508330308500_awaf449-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa043330","article-title":"Radiotherapy plus concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide for glioblastoma","volume":"352","author":"Stupp","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J 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