{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T17:47:50Z","timestamp":1785779270663,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]],"date-time":"2026-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768780800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003130","name":"Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["G065721N"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["G065721N"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003130","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003130","name":"Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["G024925N"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["G024925N"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003130","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003130","name":"Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1225725N"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1225725N"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003130","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000957","name":"Alzheimer\u2019s Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22-AAIIA-963171"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22-AAIIA-963171"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000957","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000957","name":"Alzheimer\u2019s Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AARF-24-1300693"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AARF-24-1300693"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000957","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"KU Leuven Internal Funding","award":["C14\/22\/132"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C14\/22\/132"]}]},{"name":"KU Leuven Internal Funding","award":["C3\/20\/057"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C3\/20\/057"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006312","name":"BrightFocus Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["A2022019F"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A2022019F"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006312","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"ALS Liga Belgi\u00eb"},{"name":"Een Hart voor ALS"},{"name":"Laeversfonds voor ALS Onderzoek"},{"name":"ALS Fund"},{"name":"Stichting Woelse Waard"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Ageing-related tau astrogliopathy (ARTAG) refers to aggregates of pathological tau protein in astroglial cells in the brain. Thorny astrocytes at the level of the glia limitans and\/or white matter and granular\/fuzzy astrocytes in the grey matter are characteristic for ARTAG, which is correlated with ageing. However, also rare cases with ARTAG below the age of 66 years have been reported.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>We studied a cohort of 157 brains from donors deceased between 48 and 65 years of age received from the Leuven neuropathological research group and Netherlands Brain Bank in order to gain insight into ARTAG in the medial temporal lobe at younger age and to find underlying correlates that might be obscured by age-related co-pathologies in older cohorts. Analyses were also performed on two comparison cohorts (Leuven, 268 cases; and Netherlands, 397 cases), with ages ranging from 66 to 99 years.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Twenty-six of 157 cases (16.6%) between 48 and 65 years of age had ARTAG, mostly restricted to the medial temporal lobe. Only six cases exhibited ARTAG in lobar regions. ARTAG was found in all five previously described morphologies and locations: subpial, subependymal, perivascular, white matter and grey matter. In our young cohort, a significant correlation was found between ARTAG and the presence of neurodegenerative conditions of any kind and between ARTAG and age. When correcting for age and sex, the association between ARTAG and the presence of neurodegenerative conditions was upheld. There were no significant associations between ARTAG and specific proteinopathies, although trends were observed for \u03b1-synucleinopathy, tauopathy and TDP-43 proteinopathy diagnoses. The presence of lobar ARTAG was related to ARTAG severity in the young cohort. In the older cohorts, only age was significantly associated with ARTAG.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>These results suggest a link between ARTAG in the medial temporal lobe of young individuals and pathological protein aggregation of any kind in the brain independent of age and might lead us to question whether ARTAG points to astrocytes as important players for selective vulnerability for the aggregation of pathological proteins in distinct brain regions in this patient population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awag011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T12:39:07Z","timestamp":1768394347000},"page":"2791-2802","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Medial temporal ageing-related tau astrogliopathy below 66 years is associated with neurodegeneration"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"149","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-7609-5438","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sanne M M","family":"Vermorgen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC , Amsterdam 1081 HV ,","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Netherlands Brain Bank, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience , Amsterdam 1105 BA ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Klara","family":"Gawor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neuropathology, Department of Imaging and Pathology, and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven , Leuven 3000 ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5253-0730","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sandra O","family":"Tom\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neuropathology, Department of Imaging and Pathology, and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven , Leuven 3000 ,","place":["Belgium"]},{"name":"Netherlands Brain Bank, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience , Amsterdam 1105 BA ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6237-2502","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rik","family":"Vandenberghe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven , Leuven 3000 ,","place":["Belgium"]},{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, KU Leuven , Leuven 3000 ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine A F","family":"von Arnim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Ulm University , Ulm 89081 ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Department of Geriatrics, University Medical Center G\u00f6ttingen , G\u00f6ttingen 37075 ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Otto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Ulm University , Ulm 89081 ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Halle , Halle 06120 ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4010-2357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philip","family":"Van Damme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven , Leuven 3000 ,","place":["Belgium"]},{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, KU Leuven , Leuven 3000 ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jochen H","family":"Weishaupt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Ulm University , Ulm 89081 ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annemieke J M","family":"Rozemuller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC , Amsterdam 1081 HV ,","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Netherlands Brain Bank, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience , Amsterdam 1105 BA ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1036-1075","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dietmar Rudolf","family":"Thal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neuropathology, Department of Imaging and Pathology, and Leuven Brain Institute, KU Leuven , Leuven 3000 ,","place":["Belgium"]},{"name":"Department of Pathology, UZ Leuven , Leuven 3000 ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-4580(03)00113-1","article-title":"High prevalence of thorn-shaped astrocytes in the aged human medial temporal lobe","volume":"25","author":"Schultz","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-015-1509-x","article-title":"Aging-related tau astrogliopathy (ARTAG): Harmonized evaluation strategy","volume":"131","author":"Kovacs","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1111\/neup.12544","article-title":"Astrocytic tau pathologies in aged human brain","volume":"39","author":"Okamoto","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neuropathology"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/nlx007","article-title":"Evaluating the patterns of aging-related tau astrogliopathy unravels novel insights into brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"76","author":"Kovacs","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-016-0275-x","article-title":"Epidemiological pathology of tau in the ageing brain: Application of staging for neuropil threads (BrainNet Europe protocol) to the MRC cognitive function and ageing brain study","volume":"4","author":"Wharton","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol Commun"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/nlab126","article-title":"A comparative study of site-specific distribution of aging-related tau astrogliopathy and its risk factors between Alzheimer disease and cognitive healthy brains: The Hisayama study","volume":"81","author":"Yagita","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/nlz094","article-title":"Astrocytic tau deposition is frequent in typical and atypical Alzheimer disease presentations","volume":"78","author":"Nolan","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2022.07.010","article-title":"Association of glial tau pathology and LATE-NC in the ageing brain","volume":"119","author":"Forrest","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-023-01643-5","article-title":"Amygdala granular fuzzy astrocytes are independently associated with both LATE neuropathologic change and argyrophilic grains: A study of Japanese series with a low to moderate Braak stage","volume":"11","author":"Yokota","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol Commun"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106412","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2024.106412","article-title":"Pathologic correlates of aging-related tau astrogliopathy: ARTAG is associated with LATE-NC and cerebrovascular pathologies, but not with ADNC","volume":"191","author":"Katsumata","year":"2024","journal-title":"Neurobiol Dis"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-023-02606-9","article-title":"Characterization of hippocampal sclerosis of aging and its association with other neuropathologic changes and cognitive deficits in the oldest-old","volume":"146","author":"Sordo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-021-01233-3","article-title":"Predictors of cognitive impairment in primary age-related tauopathy: An autopsy study","volume":"9","author":"Iida","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol Commun"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-018-1872-5","article-title":"Non-Alzheimer\u2019s contributions to dementia and cognitive resilience in the 90+ study","volume":"136","author":"Robinson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-016-0330-7","article-title":"ARTAG in the basal forebrain: Widening the constellation of astrocytic tau pathology","volume":"4","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol Commun"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138","DOI":"10.1080\/19336896.2021.1946378","article-title":"PART and ARTAG tauopathies at a relatively young age as a concomitant finding in sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease","volume":"15","author":"Mens\u00edkov\u00e1","year":"2021","journal-title":"Prion"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e70483","DOI":"10.1002\/alz.70483","article-title":"Alzheimer\u2019s disease and its co-pathologies: Implications for hippocampal degeneration, cognitive decline, and the role of APOE \u03b54","volume":"21","author":"Gawor","year":"2025","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-018-0558-5","article-title":"Neuropathology and cognitive performance in self-reported cognitively healthy centenarians","volume":"6","author":"Ganz","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol Commun"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"484","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-3639.2008.00147.x","article-title":"Staging of neurofibrillary pathology in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: A study of the BrainNet Europe consortium","volume":"18","author":"Alafuzoff","year":"2008","journal-title":"Brain Pathol"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1791","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.58.12.1791","article-title":"Phases of A\u03b2-deposition in the human brain and its relevance for the development of AD","volume":"58","author":"Thal","year":"2002","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-011-0910-3","article-title":"National Institute on Aging\u2013Alzheimer\u2019s Association guidelines for the neuropathologic assessment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease: A practical approach","volume":"123","author":"Montine","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.41.4.479","article-title":"The Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer\u2019s Disease (CERAD). Part II. Standardization of the neuropathologic assessment of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"41","author":"Mirra","year":"1991","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/61.3.282","article-title":"Two types of sporadic cerebral amyloid angiopathy","volume":"61","author":"Thal","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.1093\/jnen\/62.12.1287","article-title":"Vascular pathology in Alzheimer disease: Correlation of cerebral amyloid angiopathy and arteriosclerosis\/lipohyalinosis with cognitive decline","volume":"62","author":"Thal","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-4580(02)00065-9","article-title":"Staging of brain pathology related to sporadic Parkinson\u2019s disease","volume":"24","author":"Braak","year":"2003","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1159\/000089546","article-title":"Early-onset dementia: Frequency and causes compared to late-onset dementia","volume":"21","author":"McMurtray","year":"2006","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.1097\/NEN.0b013e318232a379","article-title":"Stages of the pathologic process in Alzheimer disease: Age categories from 1 to 100 years","volume":"70","author":"Braak","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awab027","article-title":"Co-pathologies in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Just multiple pathologies or partners in crime?","volume":"144","author":"Tome","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12778","DOI":"10.1111\/nan.12778","article-title":"Concurrent tau pathologies in frontotemporal lobar degeneration with TDP-43 pathology","volume":"48","author":"Koga","year":"2022","journal-title":"Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1353","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000008937","article-title":"Language and spatial dysfunction in Alzheimer disease with white matter thorn-shaped astrocytes","volume":"94","author":"Resende","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4065","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25074065","article-title":"Ageing-related neurodegeneration and cognitive decline","volume":"25","author":"Alafuzoff","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1111\/bpa.12411","article-title":"Tau pathology in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease revisited","volume":"27","author":"Kovacs","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Pathol"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20211121","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20211121","article-title":"DNA damage contributes to neurotoxic inflammation in Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome astrocytes","volume":"219","author":"Giordano","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2018.12.014","article-title":"Upregulated levels and pathological aggregation of abnormally phosphorylated tau-protein in children with neurodevelopmental disorders","volume":"98","author":"Rankovic","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2019.06.015","article-title":"Tau links developmental to neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"104","author":"R\u00f6sler","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurosci Biobehav Rev"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7611","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.86.19.7611","article-title":"Brain interleukin 1 and S-100 immunoreactivity are elevated in Down syndrome and Alzheimer disease","volume":"86","author":"Griffin","year":"1989","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1038\/s41577-024-01104-7","article-title":"Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer disease","volume":"25","author":"Heneka","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Rev Immunol"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17071","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2017.71","article-title":"Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"3","author":"Hardiman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-022-02466-9","article-title":"Increased pyroptosis activation in white matter microglia is associated with neuronal loss in ALS motor cortex","volume":"144","author":"Van Schoor","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-4580(98)00090-6","article-title":"Progression of neurofibrillary changes and PHF-tau in end-stage Alzheimer\u2019s disease is different from plaque and cortical microglial pathology","volume":"19","author":"Thal","year":"1998","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1186\/s12987-020-00230-3","article-title":"A blood\u2013brain barrier overview on structure, function, impairment, and biomarkers of integrity","volume":"17","author":"Kadry","year":"2020","journal-title":"Fluids Barriers CNS"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"842","DOI":"10.1097\/NEN.0b013e3181836a71","article-title":"Cerebral small vessel disease-induced apolipoprotein E leakage is associated with Alzheimer disease and the accumulation of amyloid \u03b2-protein in perivascular astrocytes","volume":"67","author":"Utter","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B42","first-page":"226","article-title":"Diffuse plaques in the molecular layer show intracellular A beta(8-17)-immunoreactive deposits in subpial astrocytes","volume":"18","author":"Thal","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin Neuropathol"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.122.040578","article-title":"Blood-brain barrier dysfunction in normal aging and neurodegeneration: Mechanisms, impact, and treatments","volume":"54","author":"Andjelkovic","year":"2023","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"965","DOI":"10.1111\/bpa.12593","article-title":"Aging-related tau astrogliopathy (ARTAG): Not only tau phosphorylation in astrocytes","volume":"28","author":"Ferrer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Brain Pathol"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1111\/nan.12427","article-title":"Connexin-43 and aquaporin-4 are markers of ageing-related tau astrogliopathy (ARTAG)-related astroglial response","volume":"44","author":"Kovacs","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e70000","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.70000","article-title":"Myelinated glial cells: Their proposed role in waste clearance and neurodegeneration in arachnid and human brain","volume":"532","author":"Fabian-Fine","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Comp Neurol"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-018-0552-y","article-title":"Sequential stages and distribution patterns of aging-related tau astrogliopathy (ARTAG) in the human brain","volume":"6","author":"Kovacs","year":"2018","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol Commun"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01276421","article-title":"Pattern of brain destruction in Parkinson\u2019s and Alzheimer\u2019s diseases","volume":"103","author":"Braak","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Neural Transm (Vienna)"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1503","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awz099","article-title":"Limbic-predominant age-related TDP-43 encephalopathy (LATE): Consensus working group report","volume":"142","author":"Nelson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-008-0383-1","article-title":"Co-localization of tau and \u03b1-synuclein in the olfactory bulb in Alzheimer\u2019s disease with amygdala Lewy bodies","volume":"116","author":"Fujishiro","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1097\/01.jnen.0000225908.90052.07","article-title":"Alzheimer disease with amygdala Lewy bodies: A distinct form of \u03b1-synucleinopathy","volume":"65","author":"Uchikado","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Neuropathol Exp Neurol"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"fcae442","DOI":"10.1093\/braincomms\/fcae442","article-title":"Amygdala-predominant \u03b1-synuclein pathology is associated with exacerbated hippocampal neuron loss in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"6","author":"Gawor","year":"2024","journal-title":"Brain Commun"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0000000000000664","article-title":"Are comorbidities compatible with a molecular pathological classification of neurodegenerative diseases?","volume":"32","author":"Kovacs","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurol"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1007\/s00702-014-1288-x","article-title":"Challenges of multimorbidity of the aging brain: A critical update","volume":"122","author":"Jellinger","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Neural Transm (Vienna)"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awaa438","article-title":"The development and convergence of co-pathologies in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"144","author":"Robinson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1186\/1750-1326-9-43","article-title":"Alpha-synuclein and tau: Teammates in neurodegeneration?","volume":"9","author":"Moussaud","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mol Neurodegener"},{"key":"2026080312464653700_awag011-B57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"201","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-022-01150-0","article-title":"Alpha-synuclein: A pathological factor with A\u03b2 and tau and biomarker in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"14","author":"Shim","year":"2022","journal-title":"Alzheimers Res Ther"}],"container-title":["Brain"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/brain\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/brain\/awag011\/66447957\/awag011.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/brain\/article-pdf\/149\/8\/2791\/66447957\/awag011.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/brain\/article-pdf\/149\/8\/2791\/66447957\/awag011.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T16:47:08Z","timestamp":1785775628000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/brain\/article\/149\/8\/2791\/8429525"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/awag011","relation":{},"ISSN":["0006-8950","1460-2156"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0006-8950","type":"print"},{"value":"1460-2156","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,19]]}}}