{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T03:02:14Z","timestamp":1791946934086,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]},"DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awr253","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,10]],"date-time":"2011-11-10T02:47:13Z","timestamp":1320893233000},"page":"3398-3407","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":835,"title":["Arterial stiffness, pressure and flow pulsatility and brain structure and function: the Age, Gene\/Environment Susceptibility \u2013 Reykjavik Study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"134","author":[{"given":"Gary F.","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark A.","family":"van Buchem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sigurdur","family":"Sigurdsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John D.","family":"Gotal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria K.","family":"Jonsdottir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00d3lafur","family":"Kjartansson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thor","family":"Aspelund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tamara B.","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vilmundur","family":"Gudnason","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lenore J.","family":"Launer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425174749_awr253-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1161\/hy0102.099031","article-title":"Aortic stiffness is an independent predictor of primary coronary events in hypertensive patients: a longitudinal study","volume":"39","author":"Boutouyrie","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425174749_awr253-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2533082264","article-title":"Association of aortic arch pulse wave velocity with left ventricular mass and lacunar brain infarcts in hypertensive patients: assessment with MR imaging","volume":"253","author":"Brandts","year":"2009","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425174749_awr253-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1002\/1531-8249(200002)47:2<145::AID-ANA3>3.0.CO;2-P","article-title":"Cerebral white matter lesions and cognitive function: the Rotterdam Scan Study","volume":"47","author":"De Groot","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425174749_awr253-B4","volume-title":"California Verbal Learning Test manual \u2013 adult version (research edition)","author":"Delis","year":"1987"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425174749_awr253-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02442770","article-title":"Characteristic impedance of the proximal aorta determined in the time and frequency domain: a comparison","volume":"19","author":"Dujardin","year":"1981","journal-title":"Med Biol Eng Comput"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425174749_awr253-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"668","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.108.126342","article-title":"Arterial pulse wave velocity and cognition with advancing age","volume":"53","author":"Elias","year":"2009","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425174749_awr253-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3956(75)90026-6","article-title":"\u201cMini-mental state\u201d. A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician","volume":"12","author":"Folstein","year":"1975","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425174749_awr253-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2193","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000181771.82518.1c","article-title":"Relationship between arterial stiffness and cognitive function in elderly subjects with complaints of memory loss","volume":"36","author":"Hanon","year":"2005","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425174749_awr253-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1076","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwk115","article-title":"Age, Gene\/Environment Susceptibility-Reykjavik Study: multidisciplinary applied phenomics","volume":"165","author":"Harris","year":"2007","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425174749_awr253-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1304","DOI":"10.1038\/ajh.2008.291","article-title":"Large artery stiffening as a link between cerebral lacunar infarction and renal albuminuria","volume":"21","author":"Hashimoto","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Hypertens"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425174749_awr253-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1120","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.108.119024","article-title":"Increased aortic pulse wave velocity is associated with silent cerebral small-vessel disease in hypertensive patients","volume":"52","author":"Henskens","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425174749_awr253-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.108.532853","article-title":"Vascular structure and function is correlated to cognitive performance and white matter hyperintensities in older hypertensive patients with subjective memory complaints","volume":"40","author":"Kearney-Schwartz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425174749_awr253-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"952","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(92)90198-V","article-title":"Noninvasive determination of aortic input impedance and external left ventricular power output: a validation and repeatability study of a new technique","volume":"20","author":"Kelly","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Am Coll Cardiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425174749_awr253-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1236","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.37.5.1236","article-title":"Aortic stiffness is an independent predictor of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in hypertensive patients","volume":"37","author":"Laurent","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425174749_awr253-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000065428.03209.64","article-title":"Aortic stiffness is an independent predictor of fatal stroke in essential hypertension","volume":"34","author":"Laurent","year":"2003","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425174749_awr253-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.555235","article-title":"Arterial stiffness and risk of coronary heart disease and stroke: the Rotterdam Study","volume":"113","author":"Mattace-Raso","year":"2006","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425174749_awr253-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2046","DOI":"10.1161\/hq1201.100226","article-title":"Aortic pulse wave velocity predicts cardiovascular mortality in subjects >70 years of age","volume":"21","author":"Meaume","year":"2001","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425174749_awr253-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1652","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.90549.2008","article-title":"Effects of central arterial aging on the structure and function of the peripheral vasculature: implications for end-organ damage","volume":"105","author":"Mitchell","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Appl Physiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425174749_awr253-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1123","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.107.108175","article-title":"Hemodynamics of increased pulse pressure in older women in the community-based Age, Gene\/Environment Susceptibility-Reykjavik Study","volume":"51","author":"Mitchell","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425174749_awr253-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2628","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.667733","article-title":"Cross-sectional correlates of increased aortic stiffness in the community: the Framingham Heart Study","volume":"115","author":"Mitchell","year":"2007","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425174749_awr253-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.886655","article-title":"Arterial stiffness and cardiovascular events: the Framingham Heart Study","volume":"121","author":"Mitchell","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425174749_awr253-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2955","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000020500.77568.3C","article-title":"Omapatrilat reduces pulse pressure and proximal aortic stiffness in patients with systolic hypertension: results of the conduit hemodynamics of omapatrilat international research study","volume":"105","author":"Mitchell","year":"2002","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425174749_awr253-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000128420.01881.aa","article-title":"Changes in arterial stiffness and wave reflection with advancing age in healthy men and women: the Framingham Heart Study","volume":"43","author":"Mitchell","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425174749_awr253-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000137305.77635.68","article-title":"Local shear stress and brachial artery flow-mediated dilation: the Framingham Heart Study","volume":"44","author":"Mitchell","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425174749_awr253-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3722","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.551168","article-title":"Cross-sectional relations of peripheral microvascular function, cardiovascular disease risk factors, and aortic stiffness: the Framingham Heart Study","volume":"112","author":"Mitchell","year":"2005","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425174749_awr253-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.109.914507","article-title":"Hemodynamic correlates of blood pressure across the adult age spectrum: noninvasive evaluation in the Framingham Heart Study","volume":"122","author":"Mitchell","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425174749_awr253-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.62.1.105","article-title":"Aortic input impedance in normal man: relationship to pressure wave forms","volume":"62","author":"Murgo","year":"1980","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425174749_awr253-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.0000177474.06749.98","article-title":"Arterial aging: is it an immutable cardiovascular risk factor?","volume":"46","author":"Najjar","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425174749_awr253-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.28.3.652","article-title":"Pathogenesis of leukoaraiosis: a review","volume":"28","author":"Pantoni","year":"1997","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425174749_awr253-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1161\/01.STR.0000257998.33768.87","article-title":"Arterial stiffness, cognitive decline, and risk of dementia: the Rotterdam study","volume":"38","author":"Poels","year":"2007","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425174749_awr253-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"848","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/63.8.848","article-title":"White matter lesions and cognitive performance: the role of cognitively complex leisure activity","volume":"63","author":"Saczynski","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425174749_awr253-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.108.530212","article-title":"Cerebral infarcts and cognitive performance: importance of location and number of infarcts","volume":"40","author":"Saczynski","year":"2009","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425174749_awr253-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1037\/0012-1649.27.5.763","article-title":"Decomposing adult age differences in executive function","volume":"27","author":"Salthouse","year":"1991","journal-title":"Developmental Psychology"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425174749_awr253-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1037\/0882-7974.13.1.8","article-title":"Longitudinal invariance of adult psychometric ability factor structures across 7 years","volume":"13","author":"Schaie","year":"1998","journal-title":"Psychol Aging"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425174749_awr253-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2563","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.932","article-title":"Migraine headache in middle age and late-life brain infarcts","volume":"301","author":"Scher","year":"2009","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425174749_awr253-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1035","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0b013e3280895b55","article-title":"Arterial stiffness as an independent predictor of longitudinal changes in cognitive function in the older individual","volume":"25","author":"Scuteri","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Hypertens"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425174749_awr253-B37","first-page":"165","volume-title":"Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS): Recent evidence and development of a shorter version. Clinical Gerontology: a guide to assessment and intervention","author":"Sheikh","year":"1986"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425174749_awr253-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1037\/h0054651","article-title":"Studies of interference in serial verbal reactions","volume":"18","author":"Stroop","year":"1935","journal-title":"J Exp Psychol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425174749_awr253-B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3384","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.104.483628","article-title":"Elevated aortic pulse wave velocity, a marker of arterial stiffness, predicts cardiovascular events in well-functioning older adults","volume":"111","author":"Sutton-Tyrrell","year":"2005","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425174749_awr253-B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1132","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-009-1655-4","article-title":"Aortic stiffness is associated with cardiac function and cerebral small vessel disease in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus: assessment by magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"20","author":"van Elderen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425174749_awr253-B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.110.579581","article-title":"Coronary artery calcium, brain function and structure: the AGES-Reykjavik Study","volume":"41","author":"Vidal","year":"2010","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425174749_awr253-B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.107.093674","article-title":"Pulse pressure and pulse wave velocity are related to cognitive decline in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging","volume":"51","author":"Waldstein","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425174749_awr253-B43","volume-title":"Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. Manual","author":"Wechsler","year":"1955"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425174749_awr253-B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.579342","article-title":"Prognostic value of aortic pulse wave velocity as index of arterial stiffness in the general population","volume":"113","author":"Willum-Hansen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425174749_awr253-B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/54B.3.P155","article-title":"Cognitive activity in older persons from a geographically defined population","volume":"54","author":"Wilson","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170425174749_awr253-B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1280","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2002.806283","article-title":"Automatic \"pipeline\" analysis of 3-D MRI data for clinical trials: application to multiple sclerosis","volume":"21","author":"Zijdenbos","year":"2002","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Med Imaging"}],"container-title":["Brain"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/brain\/article-pdf\/134\/11\/3398\/13795253\/awr253.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,22]],"date-time":"2017-08-22T16:47:18Z","timestamp":1503420438000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/brain\/article-lookup\/doi\/10.1093\/brain\/awr253"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]},"references-count":46,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,8]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/awr253","relation":{},"ISSN":["1460-2156","0006-8950"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1460-2156","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0006-8950","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,11]]}}}