{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T09:58:38Z","timestamp":1790416718025,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]},"DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aws148","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,22]],"date-time":"2012-06-22T20:50:05Z","timestamp":1340398205000},"page":"2973-2979","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":95,"title":["Cancer risk in multiple sclerosis: findings from British Columbia, Canada"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"135","author":[{"given":"Elaine","family":"Kingwell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chris","family":"Bajdik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Norm","family":"Phillips","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joel","family":"Oger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stanley","family":"Hashimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Helen","family":"Tremlett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522093746_aws148-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549-004-2229-4","article-title":"Cancer incidence in multiple sclerosis and effects of immunomodulatory treatments","volume":"89","author":"Achiron","year":"2005","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res Treat"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522093746_aws148-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21141","article-title":"Environmental risk factors for multiple sclerosis. Part II: Noninfectious factors","volume":"61","author":"Ascherio","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522093746_aws148-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1170","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000345366.10455.62","article-title":"Cancer risk among patients with multiple sclerosis and their parents","volume":"72","author":"Bahmanyar","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522093746_aws148-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"844","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh104","article-title":"Trends in survival and cause of death in Danish patients with multiple sclerosis","volume":"127(Pt 4)","author":"Bronnum-Hansen","year":"2004","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522093746_aws148-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.323.7319.968","article-title":"Mobility impairments and use of preventive services in women with multiple sclerosis: observational study","volume":"323","author":"Cheng","year":"2001","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522093746_aws148-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2007\/89195","article-title":"Regulatory T cells and human disease","volume":"2007","author":"Cools","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Dev Immunol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522093746_aws148-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1379","DOI":"10.1001\/archdermatol.2011.231","article-title":"Vitamin D and nonmelanoma skin cancer in a health maintenance organization cohort","volume":"147","author":"Eide","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Dermatol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522093746_aws148-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2009.175463","article-title":"Cancer in patients with motor neuron disease, multiple sclerosis, and Parkinson\u2019s disease: record-linkage studies","volume":"81","author":"Fois","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522093746_aws148-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1177\/120347549800300110","article-title":"Assessing incidence rates and secular trends in nonmelanocytic skin cancer: which method is best?","volume":"3","author":"Gallagher","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Cutan Med Surg"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522093746_aws148-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2008.10.003","article-title":"Vitamin D and skin cancer: a meta-analysis","volume":"45","author":"Gandini","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522093746_aws148-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.58.2.142","article-title":"Skin cancer in people with multiple sclerosis: a record linkage study","volume":"58","author":"Goldacre","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Epidemiol Community Health"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522093746_aws148-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1097\/00007611-200194090-00021","article-title":"Comorbid illness and the early detection of cancer","volume":"94","author":"Gonzalez","year":"2001","journal-title":"South Med J"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522093746_aws148-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458508093890","article-title":"Survival and cause of death in multiple sclerosis: results from a 50-year follow-up in Western Norway","volume":"14","author":"Grytten Torkildsen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522093746_aws148-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S16","DOI":"10.1177\/135245850401000104","article-title":"Immunologic factors in primary progressive multiple sclerosis","volume":"10 (Suppl 1)","author":"Hohlfeld","year":"2004","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522093746_aws148-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjc.6604796","article-title":"Use of oral glucocorticoids and risk of skin cancer and non-Hodgkin\u2019s lymphoma: a population-based case-control study","volume":"100","author":"Jensen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522093746_aws148-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-publhealth-031210-100700","article-title":"Administrative record linkage as a tool for public health research","volume":"32","author":"Jutte","year":"2011","journal-title":"Annu Rev Public Health"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522093746_aws148-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1054\/bjoc.2001.1931","article-title":"Non-melanoma skin cancers and glucocorticoid therapy","volume":"85","author":"Karagas","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522093746_aws148-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.25524","article-title":"Autoimmune disease and subsequent risk of developing alimentary tract cancers among 4.5 million US male veterans","volume":"117","author":"Landgren","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522093746_aws148-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458507083625","article-title":"Cancer risk and impact of disease-modifying treatments in patients with multiple sclerosis","volume":"14","author":"Lebrun","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522093746_aws148-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1304","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-011-5929-9","article-title":"Cancer and multiple sclerosis in the era of disease-modifying treatments","volume":"258","author":"Lebrun","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522093746_aws148-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctim.2009.03.001","article-title":"Complementary and alternative medicines and dietary interventions in multiple sclerosis: what is being used in South Australia and why?","volume":"17","author":"Leong","year":"2009","journal-title":"Complement Ther Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522093746_aws148-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458508096680","article-title":"High frequency of adverse health behaviors in multiple sclerosis","volume":"15","author":"Marrie","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522093746_aws148-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1996.tb00019.x","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis and cancer in Norway. A retrospective cohort study","volume":"93","author":"Midgard","year":"1996","journal-title":"Acta NeurolScand"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522093746_aws148-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0404.1991.tb04941.x","article-title":"Cancer incidence following hospitalization for multiple sclerosis in Denmark","volume":"84","author":"Moller","year":"1991","journal-title":"Acta NeurolScand"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522093746_aws148-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"979","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.21437","article-title":"Cancer risk among patients with multiple sclerosis: a population-based register study","volume":"118","author":"Nielsen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522093746_aws148-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"334","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-005-0498-2","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis and lifestyle factors: the Hordaland Health Study","volume":"26","author":"Nortvedt","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurol Sci"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522093746_aws148-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S39","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(97)90220-3","article-title":"Breast and cervical cancer screening among women with physical disabilities","volume":"78","author":"Nosek","year":"1997","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehab"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522093746_aws148-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1017\/S0317167100005990","article-title":"Health status and health care utilization of multiple sclerosis in Canada","volume":"34","author":"Pohar","year":"2007","journal-title":"Can J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522093746_aws148-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(98)00126-7","article-title":"A research registry: uses, development, and accuracy","volume":"52","author":"Roos","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522093746_aws148-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1193","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.41.8.1193","article-title":"Cause of death in patients attending multiple sclerosis clinics","volume":"41","author":"Sadovnick","year":"1991","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522093746_aws148-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458509107010","article-title":"Excess mortality and cause of death in a cohort of Norwegian multiple sclerosis patients","volume":"15","author":"Smestad","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522093746_aws148-B32","volume-title":"TNM Classification of malignant tumours","author":"Sobin","year":"2009","edition":"7th edn"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522093746_aws148-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"709","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djh118","article-title":"Skin cancers and non-hodgkin lymphoma among users of systemic glucocorticoids: a population-based cohort study","volume":"96","author":"Sorensen","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522093746_aws148-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1159\/000079947","article-title":"Cancer incidence in multiple sclerosis: a 35-year follow-up","volume":"23","author":"Sumelahti","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neuroepidemiology"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522093746_aws148-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3078","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2011.34.5967","article-title":"Calcium plus vitamin D supplementation and the risk of nonmelanoma and melanoma skin cancer: post hoc analyses of the women\u2019s health initiative randomized controlled trial","volume":"29","author":"Tang","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522093746_aws148-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(08)70336-X","article-title":"Effects of comorbidity on screening and early diagnosis of cancer in elderly people","volume":"10","author":"Terret","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522093746_aws148-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2004","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181e3973f","article-title":"New perspectives in the natural history of multiple sclerosis","volume":"74","author":"Tremlett","year":"2010","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522093746_aws148-B38","article-title":"Atlas: Multiple Sclerosis Resources in the World 2008. WHO Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data","author":"World Health Organization and Multiple Sclerosis International Federation","year":"2009"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20170522093746_aws148-B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.1038\/ncpneuro0832","article-title":"The role of regulatory T cells in multiple sclerosis","volume":"4","author":"Zozulya","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat Clin Pract Neurol"}],"container-title":["Brain"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/brain\/article-pdf\/135\/10\/2973\/17346223\/aws148.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,30]],"date-time":"2019-06-30T02:36:25Z","timestamp":1561862185000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/brain\/article-lookup\/doi\/10.1093\/brain\/aws148"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,12]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,12]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/aws148","relation":{},"ISSN":["1460-2156","0006-8950"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1460-2156","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0006-8950","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,12]]}}}