{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T22:50:01Z","timestamp":1790722201392,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,24]],"date-time":"2018-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1516752000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/about_us\/legal\/notices"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004085","name":"Ministry of Education, Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2016R1D1A1B04935568"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2016R1D1A1B04935568"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004085","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"German Federal Ministry of Research and Education","award":["BMBF Grant No. 01BO 0901"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BMBF Grant No. 01BO 0901"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,1]]},"DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awx381","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,2]],"date-time":"2018-01-02T21:44:41Z","timestamp":1514929481000},"page":"762-775","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":89,"title":["Characteristics and mechanism of apogeotropic central positional nystagmus"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"141","author":[{"given":"Jeong-Yoon","family":"Choi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Glasauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Sensorimotor Research, Department of Neurology, Ludwig-Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Vertigo and Balance Disorders, Ludwig-Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji Hyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Korea University College of Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David S","family":"Zee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Neurology, Ophthalmology, Otolaryngology \u2013 Head and Neck Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ji-Soo","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1976","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-014-7449-x","article-title":"Cerebellar metabolic involvement and its correlations with clinical parameters in vestibular neuritis","volume":"261","author":"Alessandrini","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.21999","article-title":"Oculomotor function in multiple system atrophy: clinical and laboratory features in 30 patients","volume":"23","author":"Anderson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"680","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1998.80.2.680","article-title":"Three-dimensional organization of otolith-ocular reflexes in rhesus monkeys. III. Responses to translation","volume":"80","author":"Angelaki","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1729","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1995.73.5.1729","article-title":"Inertial representation of angular motion in the vestibular system of rhesus monkeys. II. Otolith-controlled transformation that depends on an intact cerebellar nodulus","volume":"73","author":"Angelaki","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2405","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1996.75.6.2405","article-title":"Three-dimensional organization of otolith-ocular reflexes in rhesus monkeys. I. Linear acceleration responses during off-vertical axis rotation","volume":"75","author":"Angelaki","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1297","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.45.7.1297","article-title":"Persistent direction-changing positional nystagmus: another variant of benign positional nystagmus?","volume":"45","author":"Baloh","year":"1995","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3233\/VES-2009-0343","article-title":"Classification of vestibular symptoms: towards an international classification of vestibular disorders","volume":"19","author":"Bisdorff","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Vestib Res"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/00016489950181855","article-title":"Diagnostic criteria for central versus peripheral positioning nystagmus and vertigo: a review","volume":"119","author":"B\u00fcttner","year":"1999","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1999.tb09175.x","article-title":"A review of otolith pathways to brainstem and cerebellum","volume":"871","author":"B\u00fcttner-Ennever","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2973","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2016.07.003","article-title":"Characteristics and mechanism of perverted head-shaking nystagmus in central lesions: video-oculography analysis","volume":"127","author":"Choi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Neurophysiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2238","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001640","article-title":"Central paroxysmal positional nystagmus: characteristics and possible mechanisms","volume":"84","author":"Choi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0000000000000416","article-title":"Nystagmus and central vestibular disorders","volume":"30","author":"Choi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1097\/MLG.0b013e31805c08ac","article-title":"Recovery of vestibular imbalances after vestibular neuritis","volume":"117","author":"Choi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2007.123596","article-title":"Bedside differentiation of vestibular neuritis from central \u201cvestibular pseudoneuritis\u201d","volume":"79","author":"Cnyrim","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.05.056","article-title":"A spatially unbiased atlas template of the human cerebellum","volume":"33","author":"Diedrichsen","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1992.tb25272.x","article-title":"Interaction of semicircular canals and otoliths in the processing structure of the subjective zenith","volume":"656","author":"Glasauer","year":"1992","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1546","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.2001.86.4.1546","article-title":"Central positional nystagmus simulated by a mathematical ocular motor model of otolith-dependent modification of Listing's plane","volume":"86","author":"Glasauer","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B18","first-page":"595","article-title":"Quantitative evaluation of dizziness characteristics and impact on quality of life","volume":"17","author":"Honrubia","year":"1996","journal-title":"Am J Otol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3662","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awr269","article-title":"Patterns of spontaneous and head-shaking nystagmus in cerebellar infarction: imaging correlations","volume":"134 (Pt 12)","author":"Huh","year":"2011","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3504","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.109.551234","article-title":"HINTS to diagnose stroke in the acute vestibular syndrome: three-step bedside oculomotor examination more sensitive than early MRI diffusion-weighted imaging","volume":"40","author":"Kattah","year":"2009","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-011-0884-x","article-title":"Apogeotropic central positional nystagmus as a sole sign of nodular infarction","volume":"33","author":"Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurol Sci"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcp1309481","article-title":"Clinical practice. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo","volume":"370","author":"Kim","year":"2014","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1097\/00129492-200604000-00013","article-title":"Value of lying-down nystagmus in the lateralization of horizontal semicircular canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo","volume":"27","author":"Koo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Otol Neurotol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-011-2568-4","article-title":"The functional significance of velocity storage and its dependence on gravity","volume":"210","author":"Laurens","year":"2011","journal-title":"Exp Brain Res"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1701","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.3530","article-title":"Computation of linear acceleration through an internal model in the macaque cerebellum","volume":"16","author":"Laurens","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1370","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00143.2010","article-title":"Processing of angular motion and gravity information through an internal model","volume":"104","author":"Laurens","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.24292","article-title":"Isolated horizontal positional nystagmus from a posterior fossa lesion","volume":"76","author":"Lee","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2007.02.026","article-title":"Nystagmus during neck flexion in the pitch plane in benign paroxysmal positional vertigo involving the horizontal canal","volume":"256","author":"Lee","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Neurol Sci"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"51","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2010.6.2.51","article-title":"Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo","volume":"6","author":"Lee","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Neurol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1007\/s12311-016-0772-2","article-title":"Impaired tilt suppression of post-rotatory nystagmus and cross-coupled head-shaking nystagmus in cerebellar lesions: Image Mapping Study","volume":"16","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cerebellum"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.10370","article-title":"Gravity dependence of ocular drift in patients with cerebellar downbeat nystagmus","volume":"52","author":"Marti","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00904.2004","article-title":"Vestibular perception and action employ qualitatively different mechanisms. I. Frequency response of VOR and perceptual responses during translation and tilt","volume":"94","author":"Merfeld","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.108.527762","article-title":"Isolated nodular infarction","volume":"40","author":"Moon","year":"2009","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1163","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3181bacfde","article-title":"Ageotropic central positional nystagmus in nodular infarction","volume":"73","author":"Nam","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B35","first-page":"123","article-title":"Velocity storage and the ocular response to multidimensional vestibular stimuli","volume":"1","author":"Raphan","year":"1985","journal-title":"Rev Oculomot Res"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.1999.0459","article-title":"Three-dimensional MRI atlas of the human cerebellum in proportional stereotaxic space","volume":"10 (3 Pt 1)","author":"Schmahmann","year":"1999","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1999.tb09178.x","article-title":"Control of spatial orientation of the angular vestibulo-ocular reflex by the nodulus and uvula of the vestibulocerebellum","volume":"871","author":"Sheliga","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"905","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000233829.76150.6b","article-title":"Treatment of the gravity dependence of downbeat nystagmus with 3, 4-diaminopyridine","volume":"67","author":"Sprenger","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2008.08.039","article-title":"Functional topography in the human cerebellum: a meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies","volume":"44","author":"Stoodley","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B40","first-page":"365","article-title":"Acute migrainous vertigo: clinical and oculographic findings","volume":"128 (Pt 2)","author":"von Brevern","year":"2005","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/S0079-6123(05)51008-2","article-title":"Oculomotor cerebellum","volume":"151","author":"Voogd","year":"2006","journal-title":"Prog Brain Res"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3871968","article-title":"Dynamic modification of the vestibulo-ocular reflex by the nodulus and uvula","volume":"228","author":"Waespe","year":"1985","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"821","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/113.3.821","article-title":"Oculomotor disturbances during visual-vestibular interaction in wallenbergs lateral medullary syndrome","volume":"113 (Pt 3)","author":"Waespe","year":"1990","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2690","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1998.79.5.2690","article-title":"Control of spatial orientation of the angular vestibuloocular reflex by the nodulus and uvula","volume":"79","author":"Wearne","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2007.06.003","article-title":"Purkinje cells in posterior cerebellar vermis encode motion in an inertial reference frame","volume":"54","author":"Yakusheva","year":"2007","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.3988\/jcn.2009.5.2.74","article-title":"Cerebellar hypoperfusion during transient global amnesia: an MRI and Oculographic Study","volume":"5","author":"Yang","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Neurol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-009-0068-2","article-title":"Vertigo and vestibular abnormalities in spinocerebellar ataxia type 6","volume":"256","author":"Yu-Wai-Man","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"key":"key\n\t\t\t\t20180614072823_awx381-B48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2001","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.2000.84.4.2001","article-title":"Neural processing of gravito-inertial cues in humans. I. Influence of the semicircular canals following post-rotatory tilt","volume":"84","author":"Zupan","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Neurophysiol"}],"container-title":["Brain"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/brain\/article-pdf\/141\/3\/762\/25046335\/awx381.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,25]],"date-time":"2020-10-25T04:07:53Z","timestamp":1603598873000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/brain\/article\/141\/3\/762\/4823618"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,24]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,24]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/brain\/awx381","relation":{},"ISSN":["0006-8950","1460-2156"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0006-8950","type":"print"},{"value":"1460-2156","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,24]]}}}