{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T01:06:10Z","timestamp":1790730370184,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,29]],"date-time":"2020-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590710400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":149,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Rostrees foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Tremor is a core feature of Parkinson\u2019s disease and the most easily recognized Parkinsonian sign. Nonetheless, its pathophysiology remains poorly understood. Here, we show that multispectral spiking activity in the posterior-dorso-lateral oscillatory (motor) region of the subthalamic nucleus distinguishes resting tremor from the other Parkinsonian motor signs and strongly correlates with its severity. We evaluated microelectrode-spiking activity from the subthalamic dorsolateral oscillatory region of 70 Parkinson\u2019s disease patients who underwent deep brain stimulation surgery (114 subthalamic nuclei, 166 electrode trajectories). We then investigated the relationship between patients\u2019 clinical Unified Parkinson\u2019s Disease Rating Scale score and their peak theta (4\u20137 Hz) and beta (13\u201330 Hz) powers. We found a positive correlation between resting tremor and theta activity (r = 0.41, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.01) and a non-significant negative correlation with beta activity (r = \u22120.2, P\u2009=\u20090.5). Hypothesizing that the two neuronal frequencies mask each other\u2019s relationship with resting tremor, we created a non-linear model of their proportional spectral powers and investigated its relationship with resting tremor. As hypothesized, patients\u2019 proportional scores correlated better than either theta or beta alone (r\u2009=\u20090.54, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001). However, theta and beta oscillations were frequently temporally correlated (38\/70 patients manifested significant positive temporal correlations and 1\/70 exhibited significant negative correlation between the two frequency bands). When comparing theta and beta temporal relationship (r \u03b8 \u03b2) to patients\u2019 resting tremor scores, we found a significant negative correlation between the two (r = \u22120.38, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.01). Patients manifesting a positive correlation between the two bands (i.e. theta and beta were likely to appear simultaneously) were found to have lower resting tremor scores than those with near-zero correlation values (i.e. theta and beta were likely to appear separately). We therefore created a new model incorporating patients\u2019 proportional theta\u2013beta power and r \u03b8 \u03b2scores to obtain an improved neural correlate of resting tremor (r\u2009=\u20090.62, P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001). We then used the Akaike and Bayesian information criteria for model selection and found the multispectral model, incorporating theta\u2013beta proportional power and their correlation, to be the best fitting model, with 0.96 and 0.89 probabilities, respectively. Here we found that as theta increases, beta decreases and the two appear separately\u2014resting tremor is worsened. Our results therefore show that theta and beta convey information about resting tremor in opposite ways. Furthermore, the finding that theta and beta coactivity is negatively correlated with resting tremor suggests that theta\u2013beta non-linear scale may be a valuable biomarker for Parkinson\u2019s resting tremor in future adaptive deep brain stimulation techniques.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/braincomms\/fcaa074","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,29]],"date-time":"2020-05-29T20:00:42Z","timestamp":1590782442000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Independently together: subthalamic theta and beta opposite roles in predicting Parkinson\u2019s tremor"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"2","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3919-1831","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nir","family":"Asch","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Neurobiology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yehuda","family":"Herschman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Functional Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Neurosurgery, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Rutgers University, New Jersey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rotem","family":"Maoz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Neurobiology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel"},{"name":"Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences (ELSC), The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmel R","family":"Auerbach-Asch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences (ELSC), The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2385-424X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dan","family":"Valsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Neurobiology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel"},{"name":"Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences (ELSC), The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muneer","family":"Abu-Snineh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Arkadir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eduard","family":"Linetsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renana","family":"Eitan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research and Training Unit, Jerusalem Mental Health Center, Kfar Shaul Eitanim Hospital, Jerusalem, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Odeya","family":"Marmor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Neurobiology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hagai","family":"Bergman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Neurobiology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel"},{"name":"Functional Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Neurosurgery, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel"},{"name":"Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences (ELSC), The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zvi","family":"Israel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Functional Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Neurosurgery, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021020812462353300_fcaa074-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2008.06.087","article-title":"Tremor-correlated neuronal activity in the subthalamic nucleus of Parkinsonian patients","volume":"442","author":"Amtage","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurosci Lett"},{"key":"2021020812462353300_fcaa074-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2008.01.007","article-title":"Oscillatory interactions between sensorimotor cortex and the periphery","volume":"17","author":"Baker","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr Opin 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