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However, its relationship to the well-recognized therapeutic effect of hypothermia in ischaemic stroke had not been studied. In this work, the expression of RNA-binding motif protein 3 was investigated in ischaemic animal models subjected to systemic and focal brain hypothermia, specifically the effects of RNA-binding motif protein 3 silencing and overexpression on ischaemic lesions. Moreover, the association of RNA-binding motif protein 3 levels with body temperature and clinical outcome was evaluated in two independent cohorts of acute ischaemic stroke patients (n\u2009=\u2009215); these levels were also determined in a third cohort of 31 patients derived from the phase III EuroHYP-1 trial of therapeutic cooling in ischaemic stroke. The preclinical data confirmed the increase of brain RNA-binding motif protein 3 levels in ischaemic animals subjected to systemic and focal hypothermia; this increase was selectively higher in the cooled hemisphere of animals undergoing focal brain hypothermia, thus confirming the direct effect of hypothermia on RNA-binding motif protein 3 expression, while RNA-binding motif protein 3 up-regulation in ischaemic brain regions led to functional recovery. Clinically, patients with body temperature &amp;lt;37.5\u00b0C in the first two cohorts had higher RNA-binding motif protein 3 values at 24\u2009h and good outcome at 3\u2009months post-ischaemic stroke, while RNA-binding motif protein 3 levels in the cooled third cohort tended to exceed those in placebo-treated patients. These results make RNA-binding motif protein 3 a molecular marker associated with the effect of hypothermia in ischaemic stroke and suggest its potential application as a promising protective target.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/braincomms\/fcaa078","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,5]],"date-time":"2020-06-05T02:14:57Z","timestamp":1591323297000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Cold stress protein RBM3 responds to hypothermia and is associated with good stroke outcome"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Paulo","family":"\u00c1vila-G\u00f3mez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alba","family":"Vieites-Prado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Dopico-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saima","family":"Bashir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari Dr. Josep Trueta de Girona, IDIBGI, Girona 17007, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H\u00e9ctor","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Susavila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carme","family":"Gubern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari Dr. Josep Trueta de Girona, IDIBGI, Girona 17007, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"P\u00e9rez-Mato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain"},{"name":"Neuroscience and Cerebrovascular Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology and Stroke Center, La Paz University Hospital, Hospital La Paz Institute for Health Research (IdiPAZ), Autonomous University of Madrid, 28046, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Clara","family":"Correa-Paz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ram\u00f3n","family":"Iglesias-Rey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom\u00e1s","family":"Sobrino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandro","family":"Bustamante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d\u2019Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08035, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sven","family":"Wellmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neonatology, University Children's Hospital Regensburg (KUNO), University of Regensburg, 93049 Regensburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joan","family":"Montaner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Vall d\u2019Hebron Institute of Research (VHIR), Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08035, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joaqu\u00edn","family":"Serena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stroke Unit, Department of Neurology, Hospital Universitari Dr. Josep Trueta de Girona, IDIBGI, Girona 17007, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"Castillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela 15706, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1249-6333","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pablo","family":"Hervella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Neurosciences Research Laboratory, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela 15706, 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