{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T02:45:34Z","timestamp":1790477134708,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":120,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,11]],"date-time":"2021-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620691200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":40,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Italian Ministry of Health, grants Ricerca Corrente, year 2021"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mental disorders diagnosis is based on specific clinical criteria. However, clinical studies found similarities and overlapping phenomenology across a variety of disorders, which suggests a common neurobiological substrate. Thus, there is a need to measure disease-related neuroanatomical similarities and differences across conditions. While structural alterations of the corpus callosum have been investigated in obsessive-compulsive disorder, schizophrenia, major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder, no study has addressed callosal aberrations in all diseases in a single study. Moreover, results from pairwise comparisons (patients vs. controls) show some inconsistencies, possibly related to the parcellation methods to divide the corpus callosum into subregions. The main aim of the present paper was to uncover highly localized callosal characteristics for each condition (i.e. obsessive-compulsive disorder, schizophrenia, major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder) as compared either to healthy control subjects or to each other. For this purpose, we did not rely on any sub-callosal parcellation method, but applied a well-validated approach measuring callosal thickness at 100 equidistant locations along the whole midline of the corpus callosum. One hundred and twenty patients (30 in each disorder) as well as 30 controls were recruited for the study. All groups were closely matched for age and gender, and the analyses were performed controlling for the impact of antipsychotic treatment and illness duration. There was a significant main effect of group along the whole callosal surface. Pairwise post hoc comparisons revealed that, compared to controls, patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder had the thinnest corpora callosa with significant effects almost on the entire callosal structure. Patients with schizophrenia also showed thinner corpora callosa than controls but effects were confined to the isthmus and the anterior part of the splenium. No significant differences were found in both major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder patients compared to controls. When comparing the disease groups to each other, the corpus callosum was thinner in obsessive-compulsive disorder patients than in any other group. The effect was evident across the entire corpus callosum, with the exception of the posterior body. Altogether, our study suggests that the corpus callosum is highly changed in obsessive-compulsive disorder, selectively changed in schizophrenia and not changed in bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder. These results shed light on callosal similarities and differences among mental disorders providing valuable insights regarding the involvement of the major brain commissural fibre tract in the pathophysiology of each specific mental illness.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/braincomms\/fcab100","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,7]],"date-time":"2021-05-07T05:06:29Z","timestamp":1620363989000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Corpus callosum morphology in major mental disorders: a magnetic resonance imaging study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Fabrizio","family":"Piras","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00179 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Vecchio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00179 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florian","family":"Kurth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, University of Auckland, Auckland, Private Bag 92019, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federica","family":"Piras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00179 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nerisa","family":"Banaj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00179 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Ciullo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00179 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eileen","family":"Luders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Psychology, University of Auckland, Auckland, Private Bag 92019, New Zealand"},{"name":"Laboratory of Neuro Imaging, School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gianfranco","family":"Spalletta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neuropsychiatry, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, 00179 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Division of Neuropsychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,11]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"2021070810533844600_fcab100-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1988","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.09.056","article-title":"In vivo quantification of global connectivity in the human corpus callosum","volume":"59","author":"Jarbo","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021070810533844600_fcab100-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.05.044","article-title":"Topography of the human corpus callosum revisited\u2014Comprehensive fiber tractography using diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"32","author":"Hofer","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"3","key":"2021070810533844600_fcab100-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/112.3.799","article-title":"Hand and sex differences in the isthmus and genu of the human corpus callosum: A postmortem morphological study","volume":"112","author":"Witelson","year":"1989","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"1","key":"2021070810533844600_fcab100-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/S0278-2626(02)00011-8","article-title":"Division of the corpus callosum into subregions","volume":"50","author":"Peters","year":"2002","journal-title":"Brain Cogn"},{"issue":"2","key":"2021070810533844600_fcab100-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1159\/000097371","article-title":"Gross anatomy of the corpus callosum in Alzheimer\u2019s disease: Regions of degeneration and their neuropsychological correlates","volume":"23","author":"Tomaiuolo","year":"2007","journal-title":"Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord"},{"key":"2021070810533844600_fcab100-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596","volume-title":"DSM-5 Task Force. 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