{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T07:45:03Z","timestamp":1783496703134,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,28]],"date-time":"2021-07-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1627430400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":208,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>We reported recently that the elevated plus maze is a good tool for evaluating cognitive and motor functional changes in gamma-irradiated rats as a model for new drug evaluation and monitoring. The capacity of Garcinia kola to mitigate radiation-induced brain injury is currently unknown. We therefore assessed the effects of the neuroprotective medicinal plant Garcinia kola, on the cognitive and motor changes in this murine model of acute radiation syndrome. Wistar rats exposed once to an ionizing dose of Tc99m-generated Gamma radiation were treated with an ethyl acetate fraction of methanolic extract of Garcinia kola seeds (content of 100\u2009mg\/kg of extract) for 9\u2009weeks. Cognitive and motor function indicators were assessed in the elevated plus maze in these animals and compared with irradiated control groups (vitamin C- and vehicle-treated groups) and the non-irradiated control rats. The irradiated control group displayed cachexia, shaggy and dirty fur, porphyrin deposits around eyes, decreased exploratory activity, reduced social interactions and a loss of thigmotaxis revealed by a marked decrease in rearing episodes and stretch attend posture episodes close to the walls of elevated plus maze closed arm, an increased central platform time, and decreases in open arm time and entries. This group further displayed a decrease in head dips and grooming episodes. Treatment with Garcinia kola, and in a lesser extent vitamin C, significantly prevented the body weight loss (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.001) and mitigated the development of elevated plus maze signs of cognitive and motor affections observed in the irradiated control group (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05). Altogether, our data suggest for the first time that Garcinia kola seeds have protective properties against the development of cognitive and motor decline in the acute radiation syndrome-like context. Future studies are warranted to characterize the molecular mechanisms and neuronal networks of this action.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/braincomms\/fcab170","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,26]],"date-time":"2021-07-26T19:13:07Z","timestamp":1627326787000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["<i>Garcinia kola<\/i> improves cognitive and motor function of a rat model of acute radiation syndrome in the elevated plus maze"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Nene","family":"Ahidjo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Yaound\u00e9 I, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"},{"name":"Brain Research Africa Initiative (BRAIN), Geneva, Switzerland"},{"name":"Brain Research Africa Initiative (BRAIN), Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonard","family":"Ngarka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Yaound\u00e9 I, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"},{"name":"Brain Research Africa Initiative (BRAIN), Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Yaound\u00e9 Central Hospital, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul F","family":"Seke Etet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brain Research Africa Initiative (BRAIN), Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"},{"name":"Center for Sustainable Health and Development, Garoua, Cameroon"},{"name":"Department of Physiological Sciences and Biochemistry, University of Ngaound\u00e9r\u00e9, Garoua, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wepnyu Y","family":"Njamnshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Yaound\u00e9 I, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"},{"name":"Brain Research Africa Initiative (BRAIN), Geneva, Switzerland"},{"name":"Brain Research Africa Initiative (BRAIN), Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonard N","family":"Nfor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Yaound\u00e9 I, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"},{"name":"Brain Research Africa Initiative (BRAIN), Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Yaound\u00e9 Central Hospital, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michel K","family":"Mengnjo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Yaound\u00e9 I, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"},{"name":"Brain Research Africa Initiative (BRAIN), Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Yaound\u00e9 Central Hospital, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonas G","family":"Basseguin Atchou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Yaound\u00e9 I, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"},{"name":"Brain Research Africa Initiative (BRAIN), Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Yaound\u00e9 Military Hospital, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edmond N","family":"Mouofo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Yaound\u00e9 I, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Godwin Y","family":"Tatah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Yaound\u00e9 I, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"},{"name":"Brain Research Africa Initiative (BRAIN), Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, CH Saint-Nazaire, Saint-Nazaire, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faustin","family":"Dong A Zok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiotherapy Unit, Yaound\u00e9 General Hospital, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bonaventure T","family":"Ngadjui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Yaound\u00e9 I, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wilfred","family":"Ngwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital, Dana 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