{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T09:33:41Z","timestamp":1793180021648,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":177,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,2]],"date-time":"2023-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675296000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":32,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The intralaminar thalamus, in particular the centromedian-parafascicular complex, forms a strategic node between ascending information from the spinal cord and brainstem and forebrain circuitry that involves the cerebral cortex and basal ganglia. A large body of evidence shows that this functionally heterogeneous region regulates information transmission in different cortical circuits, and is involved in a variety of functions, including cognition, arousal, consciousness and processing of pain signals. Not surprisingly, the intralaminar thalamus has been a target area for (radio)surgical ablation and deep brain stimulation (DBS) in different neurological and psychiatric disorders. Historically, ablation and stimulation of the intralaminar thalamus have been explored in patients with pain, epilepsy and Tourette syndrome. Moreover, DBS has been used as an experimental treatment for disorders of consciousness and a variety of movement disorders. In this review, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the underlying mechanisms of stimulation and ablation of the intralaminar nuclei, historical clinical evidence, and more recent (experimental) studies in animals and humans to define the present and future role of the intralaminar thalamus as a target in the treatment of neurological and psychiatric disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/braincomms\/fcad003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,4]],"date-time":"2023-01-04T01:14:50Z","timestamp":1672794890000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["The intralaminar thalamus: a review of its role as a target in functional neurosurgery"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Hisse","family":"Arnts","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center , Amsterdam , The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Radboud University Medical Center , Nijmegen , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stan E","family":"Coolen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center , Amsterdam , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Filipe Wolff","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rick","family":"Schuurman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center , Amsterdam , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joachim K","family":"Krauss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Hannover Medical School , Hannover , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henk J","family":"Groenewegen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location VU University Medical Center , Amsterdam , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pepijn","family":"van den Munckhof","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, location Academic Medical Center , Amsterdam , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023060913400172300_fcad003-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.3389\/fnsys.2015.00039","article-title":"The cognitive thalamus","volume":"9","author":"Saalmann","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front Syst 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