{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T10:09:46Z","timestamp":1789034986109,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,30]],"date-time":"2023-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675036800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":32,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Union","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2007e2013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2007e2013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"BioCog"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Delirium is associated with long-term cognitive dysfunction and with increased brain atrophy. However, it is unclear whether these problems result from or predisposes to delirium. We aimed to investigate preoperative to postoperative brain changes, as well as the role of delirium in these changes over time. We investigated the effects of surgery and postoperative delirium with brain MRIs made before and 3 months after major elective surgery in 299 elderly patients, and an MRI with a 3 months follow-up MRI in 48 non-surgical control participants. To study the effects of surgery and delirium, we compared brain volumes, white matter hyperintensities and brain infarcts between baseline and follow-up MRIs, using multiple regression analyses adjusting for possible confounders. Within the patients group, 37 persons (12%) developed postoperative delirium. Surgical patients showed a greater decrease in grey matter volume than non-surgical control participants [linear regression: B (95% confidence interval) = \u22120.65% of intracranial volume (\u22121.01 to \u22120.29, P &amp;lt; 0.005)]. Within the surgery group, delirium was associated with a greater decrease in grey matter volume [B (95% confidence interval): \u22120.44% of intracranial volume (\u22120.82 to \u22120.06, P = 0.02)]. Furthermore, within the patients, delirium was associated with a non-significantly increased risk of a new postoperative brain infarct [logistic regression: odds ratio (95% confidence interval): 2.8 (0.7\u201311.1), P = 0.14]. Our study was the first to investigate the association between delirium and preoperative to postoperative brain volume changes, suggesting that delirium is associated with increased progression of grey matter volume loss.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/braincomms\/fcad013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,30]],"date-time":"2023-01-30T21:20:35Z","timestamp":1675113635000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Postoperative delirium is associated with grey matter brain volume loss"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Ilse M J","family":"Kant","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Medicine and University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University , Utrecht 3584 CX , The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Information Technology and Digital Innovation, Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden 2333 ZA , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeroen","family":"de Bresser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center , Leiden 2333 ZA , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone J T","family":"van Montfort","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Medicine and University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University , Utrecht 3584 CX , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theodoor D","family":"Witkamp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University , Utrecht 3584 CX , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bob","family":"Walraad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Medicine and University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University , Utrecht 3584 CX , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia D","family":"Spies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Operative Intensive Care Medicine (CCM, CVK), Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin , Berlin 10117 , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeroen","family":"Hendrikse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University , Utrecht 3584 CX , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edwin","family":"van Dellen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Medicine and University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University , Utrecht 3584 CX , The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University , Utrecht 3584 CX , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arjen J C","family":"Slooter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Medicine and University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University , Utrecht 3584 CX , The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and University Medical Center Utrecht Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University , Utrecht 3584 CX , The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, UZ Brussel and Vrije Universiteit Brussel , Jette 1090 , Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"BioCog consortium","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Spies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Georg","family":"Winterer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Pischon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Boraschi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reinhard","family":"Schneider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"N\u00fcrnberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malte Pietzsch Norman","family":"Zacharias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rudolf","family":"Morgeli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Olbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gunnar","family":"Lachmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Friedrich","family":"Borchers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kwaku","family":"Ofosu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatima","family":"Yurek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alissa","family":"Wolf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jurgen","family":"Gallinat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeroen","family":"Hendrikse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arjen","family":"Slooter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Edwin","family":"van Dellen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Stamatakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacobus","family":"Preller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Menon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Moreno-Lopez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan","family":"Winzeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Insa","family":"Feinkohl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Italiani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Melillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giacomo Della","family":"Camera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roland","family":"Krause","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karsten","family":"Heidtke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Kuhn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marion","family":"Kronabel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas Bernd","family":"Dscietzig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franz Paul","family":"Armbruster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bettina","family":"Hafen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jana","family":"Ruppert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Axel","family":"Bocher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anja","family":"Helmschrodt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marius","family":"Weyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katarina","family":"Hartmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ina","family":"Diehl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Weber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ariane","family":"Fillmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernd","family":"Ittermann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023021616094242800_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1020","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-019-05907-4","article-title":"Updated nomenclature of delirium and acute encephalopathy: Statement of ten societies","volume":"46","author":"Slooter","year":"2020","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023021616094242800_","article-title":"Delirium","volume":"6","author":"Wilson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Prim"},{"issue":"2","key":"2023021616094242800_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aex130","article-title":"Postoperative delirium in elderly patients is associated with subsequent cognitive impairment","volume":"119","author":"Sprung","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023021616094242800_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1112923","article-title":"Cognitive trajectories after postoperative delirium","volume":"367","author":"Saczynski","year":"2012","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"2023021616094242800_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2008.05.021","article-title":"Neuroimaging studies of delirium: A systematic review","volume":"65","author":"Soiza","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"2023021616094242800_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1458","DOI":"10.1002\/gps.4724","article-title":"A systematic review of neuroimaging in delirium: Predictors, correlates and consequences","volume":"33","author":"Nitchingham","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"issue":"10","key":"2023021616094242800_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1048","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2017.06.016","article-title":"MRI markers of neurodegenerative and neurovascular changes in relation to postoperative delirium and postoperative cognitive decline","volume":"25","author":"Kant","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"issue":"6","key":"2023021616094242800_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1007\/s12630-015-0327-x","article-title":"Preoperative brain magnetic resonance imaging and postoperative delirium after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting: A Prospective Cohort study","volume":"62","author":"Omiya","year":"2015","journal-title":"Can J Anesth Can d\u2019anesth\u00e9sie"},{"issue":"10","key":"2023021616094242800_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1020","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000004329","article-title":"Longitudinal diffusion changes following postoperative delirium in older people without dementia","volume":"89","author":"Cavallari","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"2023021616094242800_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2686-","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinthera.2015.10.021","article-title":"The association of brain MRI characteristics and postoperative delirium in cardiac surgery patients","volume":"37","author":"Brown","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Ther"},{"issue":"7","key":"2023021616094242800_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2022","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e318250acc0","article-title":"The association between brain volumes, delirium duration, and cognitive outcomes in intensive care unit survivors","volume":"40","author":"Gunther","year":"2012","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2023021616094242800_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2020.11.024","article-title":"Brain MRI after critical care admission: A longitudinal imaging study","volume":"62","author":"Sprung","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Crit Care"},{"issue":"0","key":"2023021616094242800_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34-","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eurpsy.2017.10.004","article-title":"Personalized risk prediction of postoperative cognitive impairment\u2014Rationale for the EU-funded BioCog project","volume":"50","author":"Winterer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur Psychiatry"},{"key":"2023021616094242800_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596","volume-title":"Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders","author":"American Psychiatric Association","year":"2013","edition":"5th"},{"issue":"7","key":"2023021616094242800_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1370","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-200107000-00012","article-title":"Evaluation of delirium in critically ill patients: Validation of the confusion assessment method for the intensive care unit (CAM-ICU)","volume":"29","author":"Ely","year":"2001","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023021616094242800_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2004.07.009","article-title":"Fast, systematic, and continuous delirium assessment in hospitalized patients: The nursing delirium screening scale","volume":"29","author":"Gaudreau","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Pain Symptom Manage"},{"key":"2023021616094242800_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"312","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2005.53120.x","article-title":"A chart-based method for identification of delirium: Validation assessment method","author":"Inouye","year":"2005;53(2)","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"10","key":"2023021616094242800_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0165719","article-title":"Robustness of automated methods for brain volume measurements across different MRI field strengths","volume":"11","author":"Heinen","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2023021616094242800_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2018.06.032","article-title":"The association between brain volume, cortical brain infarcts, and physical frailty","volume":"70","author":"Kant","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"issue":"7","key":"2023021616094242800_","first-page":"7743","article-title":"CAT\u2014A computational anatomy toolbox for the analysis of structural MRI data","volume":"32","author":"Gaser","year":"2012","journal-title":"BioRxiv"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023021616094242800_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717-","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03206553","article-title":"SPSS and SAS procedures for estimating indirect effects in simple mediation models","volume":"36","author":"Preacher","year":"2004","journal-title":"Behav Res Methods Instrum Comput"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023021616094242800_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"492","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bja.2020.06.063","article-title":"Postoperative delirium: Perioperative assessment, risk reduction, and management","volume":"125","author":"Jin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"issue":"5","key":"2023021616094242800_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1024","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000000129","article-title":"Effectiveness and safety of the awakening and breathing coordination, delirium monitoring\/management, and early exercise\/mobility bundle","volume":"42","author":"Balas","year":"2014","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"2023021616094242800_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1015","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jagp.2018.06.007","article-title":"Hospital elder life program: Systematic review and meta-analysis of effectiveness","volume":"26","author":"Hshieh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Geriatr Psychiatry"},{"key":"2023021616094242800_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2018.07.001","article-title":"Trajectories of imaging markers in brain aging: The Rotterdam study","volume":"71","author":"Vinke","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"issue":"Suppl 3","key":"2023021616094242800_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S239","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-132558","article-title":"Determinants, MRI correlates, and prognosis of mild cognitive impairment: The Rotterdam study","volume":"42","author":"de Bruijn","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"issue":"4P2","key":"2023021616094242800_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lpm.2018.03.011","article-title":"Impact on the brain of the inflammatory response to surgery","volume":"47","author":"Saxena","year":"2018","journal-title":"Press Medicale"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023021616094242800_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"572","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.24909","article-title":"The immune response of the human brain to abdominal surgery","volume":"81","author":"Forsberg","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"issue":"8","key":"2023021616094242800_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(15)00101-5","article-title":"The interface between delirium and dementia in elderly adults","volume":"14","author":"Fong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"issue":"7","key":"2023021616094242800_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2182","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e318250acdc","article-title":"The relationship between delirium duration, white matter integrity, and cognitive impairment in intensive care unit survivors as determined by diffusion tensor imaging","volume":"40","author":"Morandi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"2023021616094242800_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3771","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.23604","article-title":"Evolution of deep gray matter volume across the human lifespan","volume":"38","author":"Narvacan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hum Brain Mapp"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023021616094242800_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3862","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2011.11.024","article-title":"Brain tissue volumes in the general population of the elderly the AGES-Reykjavik study","volume":"59","author":"Sigurdsson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuroimage"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023021616094242800_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2004.05.004","article-title":"Measures of brain morphology and infarction in the framingham heart study: Establishing what is normal","volume":"26","author":"DeCarli","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"issue":"6","key":"2023021616094242800_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.2337\/dc09-1923","article-title":"Progression of cerebral atrophy and white matter hyperintensities in patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"33","author":"De Bresser","year":"2010","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"2023021616094242800_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2019.05.010","article-title":"Lifespan normative data on rates of brain volume changes","volume":"81","author":"Battaglini","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"issue":"9716","key":"2023021616094242800_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"773","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)61158-2","article-title":"Systemic infection and delirium: When cytokines and acetylcholine collide","volume":"375","author":"van Gool","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"10203","key":"2023021616094242800_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1022","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)31795-7","article-title":"Perioperative covert stroke in patients undergoing non-cardiac surgery (NeuroVISION): A Prospective Cohort study","volume":"394","author":"Mrkobrada","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"11","key":"2023021616094242800_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"808","DOI":"10.1111\/jocs.12643","article-title":"The presence of new MRI lesions and cognitive decline after cardiac surgery: A systematic review","volume":"30","author":"Patel","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Card Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023021616094242800_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1161\/hs0102.101629","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors of silent brain infarcts in the population-based Rotterdam can study","volume":"33","author":"Vermeer","year":"2002","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"9","key":"2023021616094242800_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2353","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.117.017357","article-title":"Incidence of brain infarcts, cognitive change and risk of dementia in the general population: The AGES - Reykjavik study","volume":"48","author":"Sigurdsson","year":"2017","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"issue":"13","key":"2023021616094242800_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa022066","article-title":"Silent brain infarcts and the risk of dementia and cognitive decline","volume":"348","author":"Vermeer","year":"2003","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"9920","key":"2023021616094242800_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)60688-1","article-title":"Delirium in elderly people","volume":"383","author":"Inouye","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"12","key":"2023021616094242800_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1134","DOI":"10.1001\/jamasurg.2015.2606","article-title":"Effect of delirium and other major complications on outcomes after elective surgery in older adults","volume":"150","author":"Gleason","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Surg"},{"key":"2023021616094242800_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1697","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2000.tb03885.x","article-title":"The Hospital Elder Life Program: A model of care to prevent cognitive and functional decline in older hospitalize","author":"Reuben","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"}],"container-title":["Brain Communications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/braincomms\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/braincomms\/fcad013\/48950618\/fcad013.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/braincomms\/article-pdf\/5\/1\/fcad013\/49228427\/fcad013.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/braincomms\/article-pdf\/5\/1\/fcad013\/49228427\/fcad013.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,22]],"date-time":"2023-03-22T19:51:46Z","timestamp":1679514706000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/braincomms\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/braincomms\/fcad013\/7009174"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,29]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,29]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/braincomms\/fcad013","relation":{},"ISSN":["2632-1297"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2632-1297","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,29]]},"article-number":"fcad013"}}