{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T23:34:18Z","timestamp":1789515258648,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,6]],"date-time":"2023-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678060800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Research Council of Sweden","award":["K2011-65X-20752-04-6"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K2011-65X-20752-04-6"]}]},{"name":"Anders P\u00e5lsson Foundation"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009748","name":"Ernhold Lundstr\u00f6m Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009748","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Regional Agreement on Medical Training and Clinical Research"},{"name":"Sk\u00e5ne County Council and Lund University"},{"name":"Swedish Alzheimer\u2019s Foundation"},{"name":"Diabetes Fund"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009780","name":"Region Sk\u00e5ne","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Type 2 diabetes and dementia are associated, but it is unclear whether the two diseases have common genetic risk markers that could partly explain their association. It is also unclear whether the association between the two diseases is of a causal nature. Furthermore, few studies on diabetes and dementia have validated dementia end-points with high diagnostic precision. We tested associations between polygenic risk scores for type 2 diabetes, fasting glucose, fasting insulin and haemoglobin A1c as exposure variables and dementia as outcome variables in 29 139 adults (mean age 55) followed for 20\u201323 years. Dementia diagnoses were validated by physicians through data from medical records, neuroimaging and biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid. The dementia end-points included all-cause dementia, mixed dementia, Alzheimer\u2019s disease and vascular dementia. We also tested causal associations between type 2 diabetes and dementia through two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses. Seven different polygenic risk scores including single-nucleotide polymorphisms with different significance thresholds for type 2 diabetes were tested. A polygenic risk score including 4891 single-nucleotide polymorphisms with a P-value of &amp;lt;5e-04 showed the strongest association with different outcomes, including all-cause dementia (hazard ratio 1.11; Bonferroni corrected P = 3.6e-03), mixed dementia (hazard ratio 1.18; Bonferroni corrected P = 3.3e-04) and vascular dementia cases (hazard ratio 1.28; Bonferroni corrected P = 9.6e-05). The associations were stronger for non-carriers of the Alzheimer\u2019s disease risk gene APOE \u03b54. There was, however, no significant association between polygenic risk scores for type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer\u2019s disease. Furthermore, two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses could not confirm a causal link between genetic risk markers of type 2 diabetes and dementia outcomes. In conclusion, polygenic risk of type 2 diabetes is associated with an increased risk of dementia, in particular vascular dementia. The findings imply that certain people with type 2 diabetes may, due to their genetic background, be more prone to develop diabetes-associated dementia. This knowledge could in the future lead to targeted preventive strategies in clinical practice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/braincomms\/fcad054","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,7]],"date-time":"2023-03-07T13:58:32Z","timestamp":1678197512000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Polygenic risk of type 2 diabetes is associated with incident vascular dementia: a prospective cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2602-2318","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elin","family":"Dybjer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Malm\u00f6, Lund University, Jan Waldenstr\u00f6ms gata 35 , SE-21428 Malm\u00f6 , Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2166-4805","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Atul","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MultiPark: Multidisciplinary 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Sweden"},{"name":"WCMM \u2013 Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Lund University , S\u00f6lvegatan 19, BMC D11, SE-22184 Lund , Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5652-8459","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter M","family":"Nilsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Malm\u00f6, Lund University, Jan Waldenstr\u00f6ms gata 35 , SE-21428 Malm\u00f6 , Sweden"},{"name":"EpiHealth: Epidemiology for Health Strategic Research Area, Lund University , SUS Malm\u00f6, Jan Waldenstr\u00f6ms gata 35, SE-20502 Malm\u00f6 , Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olle","family":"Melander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences Malm\u00f6, Lund University, Jan Waldenstr\u00f6ms gata 35 , SE-21428 Malm\u00f6 , Sweden"},{"name":"EpiHealth: Epidemiology for Health Strategic Research Area, Lund University , SUS Malm\u00f6, Jan Waldenstr\u00f6ms gata 35, SE-20502 Malm\u00f6 , Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Emergency and Internal Medicine, Sk\u00e5ne University Hospital , SE-20502 Malm\u00f6 , Sweden"},{"name":"EXODIAB: Excellence in Diabetes Research in Sweden, Lund University , Box 117, SE-22100 Lund , Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8467-7286","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oskar","family":"Hansson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MultiPark: Multidisciplinary Research focused on Parkinson's disease, Lund University , Box 117, SE-22100 Lund , Sweden"},{"name":"Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malm\u00f6, Lund University, Sk\u00e5nes universitetssjukhus, VE Minnessjukdomar , SE-20502 Malm\u00f6 , 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