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Most research on satellite glial cell function has been performed with in vitro studies, but recent advances in calcium imaging and transgenic mouse models have enabled this first in vivo study of single-cell satellite glial cell function in mouse models of inflammation and neuropathic pain. We found that in na\u00efve conditions, satellite glial cells do not respond in a time-locked fashion to neuronal firing. In painful inflammatory and neuropathic states, we detected time-locked signals in a subset of satellite glial cells, but only with suprathreshold stimulation of the sciatic nerve. Surprisingly, therefore, we conclude that most calcium signals in satellite glial cells seem to develop at arbitrary intervals not directly linked to neuronal activity patterns. More in line with expectations, our experiments also revealed that the number of active satellite glial cells was increased under conditions of inflammation or nerve injury. This could reflect the increased requirement for homeostatic support across dorsal root ganglion neuron populations, which are more active during such painful states.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/braincomms\/fcae013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,17]],"date-time":"2024-01-17T15:45:35Z","timestamp":1705506335000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["<i>In vivo<\/i>\n                    calcium imaging shows that satellite glial cells have increased activity in painful states"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2480-0024","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara E","family":"Jager","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Wolfson Centre for Age-related Diseases, King\u2019s College London, Guy\u2019s Campus , London SE1 1UL , UK"},{"name":"Molecular Neuropharmacology and Genetics Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , 2200 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