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However, it is not clear how each ear contributes separately to improve speech perception over time at the behavioural and neural level. In this longitudinal EEG study with four different time points, we measured neural activity in response to various temporally and spectrally degraded spoken words presented monaurally to the CI and non-CI ears (5 left and 5 right ears) in 10 single-sided CI users and 10 age- and sex-matched individuals with normal hearing. Subjective comprehension ratings for each word were also recorded. Data from single-sided CI participants were collected pre-CI implantation, and at 3, 6 and 12 months after implantation. We conducted a time-resolved representational similarity analysis on the EEG data to quantify whether and how neural patterns became more similar to those of normal hearing individuals. At 6 months after implantation, the speech comprehension ratings for the degraded words improved in both ears. Notably, the improvement was more pronounced for the non-CI ears than the CI ears. Furthermore, the enhancement in the non-CI ears was paralleled by increased similarity to neural representational patterns of the normal hearing control group. The maximum of this effect coincided with peak decoding accuracy for spoken-word comprehension (600\u20131200\u2005ms after stimulus onset). The present data demonstrate that cortical processing gradually normalizes within months after CI implantation for speech presented to the non-CI ear. CI enables the deaf ear to provide afferent input, which, according to our results, complements the input of the non-CI ear, gradually improving its function. These novel findings underscore the feasibility of tracking neural recovery after auditory input restoration using advanced multivariate analysis methods, such as representational similarity analysis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/braincomms\/fcaf001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,3]],"date-time":"2025-01-03T15:49:00Z","timestamp":1735919340000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Cochlear implantation in adults with acquired single-sided deafness improves cortical processing and comprehension of speech presented to the non-implanted ears: a longitudinal EEG study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5171-4255","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ya-Ping","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Salzburg , 5020 Salzburg ,","place":["Austria"]},{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Salzburg , 5020 Salzburg ,","place":["Austria"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3174-4910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patrick","family":"Neff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Salzburg , 5020 Salzburg ,","place":["Austria"]},{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich , 8091 Zurich ,","place":["Switzerland"]},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg , 93053 Regensburg ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Neuro-X Institute, Ecole Polytechnique F\u00e9d\u00e9rale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Campus Biotech, 1202 Geneva ,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2235-5075","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sabine","family":"Leske","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RITMO Centre for Interdisciplinary Studies in Rhythm, Time and Motion, University of Oslo , 0313 Oslo ,","place":["Norway"]},{"name":"Department of Musicology, University of Oslo , 0313 Oslo ,","place":["Norway"]},{"name":"Department of Neuropsychology, Helgeland Hospital , 8657 Mosj\u00f8en ,","place":["Norway"]},{"name":"Department of Psychology, Universit\u00e4t Konstanz , 78457 Konstanz ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7781-1149","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel D E","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, Universit\u00e4t Konstanz , 78457 Konstanz ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3511-3334","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicole","family":"Peter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich , 8091 Zurich ,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7619-0459","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonas","family":"Obleser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Brain, Behavior, and Metabolism, University of L\u00fcbeck , 23562 L\u00fcbeck ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of L\u00fcbeck , 23562 L\u00fcbeck ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3867-234X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tobias","family":"Kleinjung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich , 8091 Zurich 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