{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T02:09:44Z","timestamp":1782439784027,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,3]],"date-time":"2025-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740960000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":69,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Presbyterian Foundation"},{"name":"Patrick"},{"name":"Beatrice Haggerty Foundation"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005339","name":"American Academy of Neurology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005339","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The validation of brain injury biomarkers has encountered challenges such as the absence of pre-insult measurements, variability in injury timing and location, and inter-individual differences. In this study, we addressed these limitations by using magnetic resonance-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (MRgHIFU) thalamotomy to assess plasma biomarker changes after an acute focal brain injury. This prospective study included 30 essential tremor and tremor-dominant Parkinson\u2019s disease patients undergoing MRgHIFU thalamotomy at a single academic institution. Blood samples were collected at three specific time points: pre-procedure, 1-h post-procedure, and 48\u2005h post-procedure. Plasma levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), neurofilament light chain (NfL), amyloid beta (A\u03b240 and A\u03b242) and phosphorylated tau 181 (pTau-181) were measured using the quanterix single molecule arrays assay. GFAP levels were significantly increased at 48\u2005h post-MRgHIFU in all patients with a thalamotomy lesion. GFAP levels at 48\u2005h were highly sensitive (89.7%) and specific (96.6%) in detecting the presence of a lesion with a cut-off value of 216.2\u2005pg\/ml. NfL, A\u03b240 and A\u03b242, also showed statistically significant increases post-procedure but were less robust than GFAP. No changes were observed in pTau-181 levels post-MRgHIFU. Plasma GFAP has shown great promise as a sensitive and reliable biomarker for detecting acute brain injury after MRgHIFU thalamotomy. Its significant elevation following the procedure highlights its potential as a diagnostic tool for acute focal brain injuries, such as stroke. Further studies with additional time points are essential to validate the injury cut-off identified in this study and to assess its broader clinical utility for early detection of focal brain lesions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/braincomms\/fcaf054","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,4]],"date-time":"2025-03-04T23:34:51Z","timestamp":1741131291000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein as a biomarker of acute focal brain injury after high-intensity focused ultrasound thalamotomy"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9153-9700","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nil","family":"Saez-Calveras","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Alzheimer\u2019s and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Peter O\u2019Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, TX 75390 ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, TX 75235 ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Parkland Memorial Hospital , Dallas, TX 75235 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Asturias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, TX 75390 ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Transcranial Focused Ultrasound Lab and Program, Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, TX 75390 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, TX 75390 ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Transcranial Focused Ultrasound Lab and Program, Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, TX 75390 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I","family":"Diamond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Alzheimer\u2019s and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Peter O\u2019Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, TX 75390 ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, TX 75235 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0058-6174","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bhavya R","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Alzheimer\u2019s and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Peter O\u2019Donnell Jr. Brain Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, TX 75390 ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, TX 75390 ,","place":["USA"]},{"name":"Transcranial Focused Ultrasound Lab and Program, Department of Radiology, University 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