{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T19:47:23Z","timestamp":1791229643280,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,2]],"date-time":"2025-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746144000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":121,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Essential Tremor is a common movement disorder characterized by postural and kinetic tremor, primarily affecting the upper limbs, head and voice. For patients who fail medical therapy, neurosurgical interventions such as thalamotomy have been explored. This study evaluates the efficacy and safety of bilateral staged Magnetic Resonance Imaging-guided High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound thalamotomy for the treatment of medication-refractory Essential Tremor. From January 2022 to January 2024, 20 patients who had previously undergone successful unilateral focused ultrasound thalamotomy were enrolled. The primary outcome was the change in tremor severity, using the Clinical Rating Scale for Tremor at 6 months post-second side thalamotomy. Secondary outcomes included functional disability, quality of life and adverse events, particularly balance and gait impairments. Results demonstrated significant tremor reduction, with a 59.98% decrease in Clinical Rating Scale for Tremor A + B score from baseline to 6 months after the second thalamotomy. Quality of life also improved markedly, with an 84.91% reduction in disability and significant enhancement in physical and psychosocial aspects of quality of life. Adverse events were predominantly mild; with subjective gait instability and paresthaesia being the most common. Notably, no cases of severe ataxia or cognitive impairment were observed. Bilateral staged Magnetic Resonance Imaging-guided High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound thalamotomy is an effective and safe treatment for medication-refractory Essential Tremor, providing substantial tremor relief and improved quality of life with manageable side effects. These findings support its use as an alternative to more invasive neurosurgical procedures, especially in carefully selected patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/braincomms\/fcaf168","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,2]],"date-time":"2025-05-02T09:15:08Z","timestamp":1746177308000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Safety and efficacy of bilateral staged focused ultrasound thalamotomy in refractory essential tremor"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9348-9172","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marina","family":"Campins-Romeu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, University and Polytechnic La Fe Hospital , Valencia 46026 ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebeca","family":"Conde-Sard\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Functional Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, University and Polytechnic La Fe Hospital , Valencia 46026 ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Neuroscience Department Ascires Biomedical Group , Valencia 46004 ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Sastre-Bataller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, University and Polytechnic La Fe Hospital , Valencia 46026 ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raquel","family":"Baviera-Mu\u00f1oz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, University and Polytechnic La Fe Hospital , Valencia 46026 ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Cellular, Molecular and Genomics Biomedicine Group, Hospital La Fe Health Research Institute , Valencia 46026 ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mireya","family":"Losada-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Department Ascires Biomedical Group , Valencia 46004 ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Morata-Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, University and Polytechnic La Fe Hospital , Valencia 46026 ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda Jos\u00e9","family":"Ib\u00e1\u00f1ez-Juli\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Department Ascires Biomedical Group , Valencia 46004 ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Lu\u00eds","family":"Le\u00f3n-Guijarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Department Ascires Biomedical Group , Valencia 46004 ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"P\u00e9rez-Garc\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, University and Polytechnic La Fe Hospital , Valencia 46026 ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Raga-Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group in Alzheimer Disease, Hospital La Fe Health Research Institute , Valencia 46026 ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9s M","family":"Lozano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neuroscience Department Ascires Biomedical Group , Valencia 46004 ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto , Toronto, Ontario , M5T 2S8","place":["Canada"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Guti\u00e9rrez-Mart\u00edn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Functional Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, University and Polytechnic La Fe Hospital , Valencia 46026 ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Neuroscience Department Ascires Biomedical Group , Valencia 46004 ,","place":["Spain"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irene","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, University and Polytechnic La Fe Hospital , Valencia 46026 ,","place":["Spain"]},{"name":"Neuroscience Department Ascires Biomedical Group , Valencia 46004 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