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This study investigates whether low-frequency deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus in the beta band (20\u2005Hz) frequency can improve response inhibition in patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease. In a double-blind crossover design, N = 17 participants with Parkinson\u2019s disease performed four neuropsychological experiments, while on their usual dopaminergic medication, under no, standard high-frequency and 20\u2005Hz beta low-frequency deep brain stimulation. The experiments consisted of a response selection task (response execution), a flanker task (conflict monitoring), a Go-NoGo task (automatic inhibition) and a stop-change task (controlled inhibition). Reaction time and response accuracy were analysed using Bayesian mixed-effect models. Participants responded [m = 33.6\u2005ms, Bayes factor (BF) = 129.6] slower and [m = 6.0%, BF &amp;gt; 1000] more accurately under low-frequency than high-frequency stimulation but not under no stimulation during the response selection task. In the flanker task, participants responded slower under low-frequency than high-frequency stimulation [m = 77.0\u2005ms, BF &amp;gt; 1000] but not under no stimulation [m = 18.3\u2005ms, BF = 0.1]. We found no performance differences by the stimulation condition of the congruency effect. In the Go-NoGo task, we found low-frequency stimulation slowed responses on uncertain Go trials compared to no stimulation [m = 136.8\u2005ms, BF = 30.3] and high-frequency stimulation [m = 105.2\u2005ms, BF = 2.5]. Additionally, participants committed fewer errors under low-frequency stimulation than under no and high-frequency stimulation, suggesting that 20\u2005Hz subthalamic nucleus stimulation may improve automatic inhibition. Lastly, in the stop-change task, we found no performance modulation by low-frequency stimulation compared to no and high-frequency stimulation. Our results show that low-frequency beta stimulation may improve aspects of automatic response inhibition in patients with Parkinson\u2019s disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/braincomms\/fcaf474","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]],"date-time":"2025-12-02T12:47:38Z","timestamp":1764679658000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["20\u2005Hz beta stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus improves response inhibition in Parkinson\u2019s disease"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6494-7397","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julius","family":"Kricheldorff","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, School of Medicine and Health Science, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg , 26046 Oldenburg ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tilo","family":"Sauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, School of Medicine and Health Science, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg , 26046 Oldenburg ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karsten","family":"Witt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, School of Medicine and Health Science, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg , 26046 Oldenburg ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Research Center of Neurosensory Science, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg , 26129 Oldenburg ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"2025121003314381000_fcaf474-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.22360","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of Parkinson disease: A 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