{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T18:02:21Z","timestamp":1781028141340,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,23]],"date-time":"2026-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779494400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":142,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82471476"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82471476"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022ZD0205000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022ZD0205000"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015290","name":"China Association Against Epilepsy Research Fund\u2013UCB Pharma Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CU-2023-052"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CU-2023-052"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015290","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017375","name":"Laboratory for Clinical Medicine","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017375","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002799","name":"Capital Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2025LCMCMU02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025LCMCMU02"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002799","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Hemispheric epilepsy surgery effectively achieves seizure control, yet post-operative motor recovery remains challenging. Whether motor compensation is linked to the excitation\u2013inhibition balance in the unaffected hemisphere (UH) remains unclear. Using scalp EEG, we quantified the aperiodic exponent of the power spectrum as a non-invasive biomarker of cortical excitation\u2013inhibition ratio (where a flatter spectral slope reflects neural excitation). We retrospectively analysed 46 patients who underwent hemispheric surgery and 23 age-matched unilateral non-hemispheric controls. Motor function was measured preoperatively and 3 months post-operatively, with preoperative status classified as preserved or impaired. We assessed preoperative inter-hemispheric asymmetry, post-operative UH modulation and their linear interaction in predicting motor improvement. Jackknife mapping was used to identify the contribution of a specific scalp sensor. Our results show that the hemispheric cohort exhibited a distinct preoperative excitation\u2013inhibition asymmetry (P &amp;lt; 0.0001). Post-operatively, the UH exponent interacted significantly with preoperative status to track the change of motor function (P &amp;lt; 0.0001; R2 = 0.53). In patients with preoperative deficits, flatter UH slopes (disinhibition) were associated with functional gains (P = 0.0442), while steeper slopes (over-inhibition) correlated with decline (P = 0.0001). Conversely, in patients with preserved function, steeper UH slopes (inhibition) were linked to better outcomes (P = 0.0023), whereas flatter slopes led to deterioration (P = 0.0175). Jackknife mapping localized the primary contribution to the sensor overlying the UH centro-parietal region. These findings suggest that state-dependent modulation of UH excitation\u2013inhibition balance is a factor associated with motor recovery after hemispheric surgery\u2014stabilization is beneficial when baseline function is preserved, while facilitation is beneficial when it is impaired. The aperiodic exponent emerges as a practical biomarker to monitor cortical excitation\u2013inhibition dynamics and to guide individualized, precision neurorehabilitation strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/braincomms\/fcag186","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,22]],"date-time":"2026-05-22T11:53:42Z","timestamp":1779450822000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Lateralized excitation\u2013inhibition rebalance correlates with motor recovery following hemispheric surgery"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Yujiao","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing 10093 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing 10093 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Beijing 10093 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiahui","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing 10093 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-4666-0506","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xue","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing 10093 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junyuan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing 10093 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Neurosurgery, Sanbo Brain Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing 10093 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Epilepsy, Capital Medical University , Beijing 100069 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University , Beijing 100069 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University , Beijing 100069 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"2026060913341848700_fcag186-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2416","DOI":"10.1111\/epi.16378","article-title":"Hemispherectomy in adults and adolescents: Seizure and functional outcomes in 47 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