{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T18:51:45Z","timestamp":1783018305783,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781827200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":169,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001349","name":"National Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NMRC\/CIRG\/1401\/2014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NMRC\/CIRG\/1401\/2014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001349","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100030677","name":"National Health Innovation Centre Singapore","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NHIC-I2D-1708181"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NHIC-I2D-1708181"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100030677","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011251","name":"SingHealth Academic Medicine Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AM\/TP018\/2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AM\/TP018\/2018"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011251","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001468","name":"Singapore Eye Research Institute-National University of Singapore Basic Science Program in Ocular Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NUHSRO\/2022\/038\/Startup\/08"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NUHSRO\/2022\/038\/Startup\/08"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001468","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Pituitary adenomas frequently compress visual and non-visual pathways, resulting in visual field deficits and sleep disturbances. While transsphenoidal surgery is often anatomically effective, functional visual and non-visual outcomes remain variable and often unpredictable. This study investigates visual and non-visual (i.e. pupillometric) changes associated with optic nerve compression and decompression and the potential role of chromatic pupillometry as an objective evaluation tool for visual dysfunction in pituitary adenoma. This longitudinal study included 27 patients with pituitary adenoma [median age = 55.4 years (interquartile range = 23.4)] and 41 age-matched controls [53.6 (13.7) years], evaluated pre-operatively (mean duration \u00b1 SD: 7.0 \u00b1 5.4 weeks prior to surgery) and post-operatively (12.0 \u00b1 1.5 weeks post-surgery) with handheld chromatic pupillometry, in addition to comprehensive neuro-ophthalmological and neuroimaging examinations. Pupillometric features were analysed for associations with structural changes and visual outcomes. There was a significant reduction in the upward displacement and increase in the thickness of the optic chiasm measured on MRI (P \u00a0&amp;lt; 0.001) following transsphenoidal surgery. Pupillary responses improved post-operatively, including increased maximum constriction to both red and blue light, but remained below control levels (P \u00a0&amp;lt; 0.05). In patients with full visual field index recovery (n \u00a0= 5), pupillometric responses were comparable to controls (P \u00a0&amp;gt; 0.05) while patients without recovery exhibited persistent deficits in these metrics. Remarkably, melanopsin-driven post-illumination pupil responses improved significantly, reaching control values post-operatively (P \u00a0&amp;gt; 0.05), regardless of visual field index recovery. Structural recovery correlated with improved visual field index (\u03c1 = \u22120.62, P \u00a0&amp;lt; 0.001) and with maximum constriction to red light (\u03c1 = \u22120.47, P \u00a0= 0.004). Following transsphenoidal surgery, there was a consistent recovery in pupillary light responses that correlated with clinical structural and functional changes observed in pituitary adenoma patients. Notably, melanopsin-mediated responses normalized post-operatively even in patients without visual field recovery, suggesting that non-visual pathways can recover independently of vision. Handheld chromatic pupillometry is a promising, non-invasive biomarker to track both visual and non-visual outcomes. Future studies integrating circadian and sleep markers are warranted to establish its role as a proxy for systemic non-visual functions in this population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/braincomms\/fcag233","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T11:42:43Z","timestamp":1781782963000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Recovery in pupillometric non-visual functions following chiasmal decompression in pituitary adenoma"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-9988-724X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniella","family":"Mahfoud","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye N\u2019 Brain Research Group, Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore , Singapore 119228 ,","place":["Singapore"]},{"name":"Visual Neurosciences Research Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute , Singapore 169856 ,","place":["Singapore"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jensen","family":"Ang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, National Neuroscience Institute (Singapore General Hospital Campus) , Singapore 168581 ,","place":["Singapore"]},{"name":"SingHealth Duke-NUS Neuroscience Academic Clinical Programme, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School , Singapore 169857 ,","place":["Singapore"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beng-Ti","family":"Ang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, National Neuroscience Institute (Singapore General Hospital Campus) , Singapore 168581 ,","place":["Singapore"]},{"name":"Neuro-Oncology Research Laboratory, Department of Research, National Neuroscience Institute , Singapore 308433 ,","place":["Singapore"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monisha Esther","family":"Nongpiur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Visual Neurosciences Research Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute , Singapore 169856 ,","place":["Singapore"]},{"name":"Departments of Neuro-ophthalmology and Glaucoma, Singapore National Eye Center , Singapore 168751 ,","place":["Singapore"]},{"name":"Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences ACP, Duke-NUS Medical School , Singapore 169857 ,","place":["Singapore"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Milea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Visual Neurosciences Research Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute , Singapore 169856 ,","place":["Singapore"]},{"name":"Departments of Neuro-ophthalmology and Glaucoma, Singapore National Eye Center , Singapore 168751 ,","place":["Singapore"]},{"name":"Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences ACP, Duke-NUS Medical School , Singapore 169857 ,","place":["Singapore"]},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Rothschild Foundation Hospital , Paris 75019 ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raymond P","family":"Najjar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye N\u2019 Brain Research Group, Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore , Singapore 119228 ,","place":["Singapore"]},{"name":"Visual Neurosciences Research Group, Singapore Eye Research Institute , Singapore 169856 ,","place":["Singapore"]},{"name":"Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences ACP, Duke-NUS Medical School , Singapore 169857 ,","place":["Singapore"]},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Design and Engineering, National University of Singapore , Singapore 119077 ,","place":["Singapore"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"12","key":"2026070213415760700_fcag233-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2279","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-024-03187-x","article-title":"Neuro-ophthalmic evaluation and management of pituitary disease","volume":"38","author":"Wang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Eye (Lond)"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026070213415760700_fcag233-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1222","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000159647.64275.9D","article-title":"Results of transsphenoidal surgery in a large series of patients with pituitary adenoma","volume":"56","author":"Mortini","year":"2005","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026070213415760700_fcag233-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1007\/s11102-023-01303-w","article-title":"Reported outcomes in transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary 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