{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T01:33:49Z","timestamp":1788572029242,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782345600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":175,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100013013","name":"Target ALS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BM-2024-C3-L1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BM-2024-C3-L1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100013013","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004040","name":"KU Leuven","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004040","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Neuromuscular and Neurodegenerative Disorders"},{"name":"ALS Liga Belgi\u00eb"},{"name":"Een Hart voor ALS"},{"name":"Laeversfonds voor ALS Onderzoek"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003130","name":"Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["18B2622N"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18B2622N"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003130","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003130","name":"FWO","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["12AQF24N"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12AQF24N"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003130","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a heterogeneous and rapidly progressing neurodegenerative disorder with limited treatment options. Therefore, there is a critical need for biomarkers that capture the diverse pathophysiological mechanisms underlying disease onset and progression. Emerging evidence suggests that synaptic dysfunction is an early disease mechanism in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Using homebrew immunoassays, we explored a panel of pre- and post-synaptic proteins in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (N = 57) and controls (N = 36). The potential value as a biomarker was explored by correlating cerebrospinal fluid levels with clinical parameters and established biomarkers for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Higher levels of Neurogranin (NRGN) (P = 0.003) and Vesicle-associated membrane protein 2 (VAMP2) (P = 0.014) were observed in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis compared with controls. VAMP2, Synaptosome-associated protein 25\u2005kDa (SNAP25) and \u03b2-synuclein (SNCB) correlated with individual relative disease stage, but none of the biomarkers correlated with disease progression rate. High levels of SNAP25 predicted worse survival in a univariate and stepwise multivariable analysis, but significance did not persist upon including Neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels. Synaptic proteins did not correlate with cerebrospinal fluid levels of neurofilaments or biomarkers of neuroinflammation, suggesting that they reflect different pathological mechanisms in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Our findings warrant further investigation to determine whether increased cerebrospinal fluid levels of synaptic proteins reflect synaptic breakdown or active release of synaptic proteins. This will help elucidate how synaptic dysfunction or damage contributes to elevated levels of synaptic markers in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and its underlying value as biomarker.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/braincomms\/fcag247","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T11:52:59Z","timestamp":1782301979000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Value of synaptic proteins as biomarkers in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-2167-5896","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frederik","family":"Hobin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven , 3000 Leuven ,","place":["Belgium"]},{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven , 3000 Leuven ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shreyasee","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fujirebio Europe NV Department of Biomarker Development, , 9052 Ghent ,","place":["Belgium"]},{"name":"Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Program Neurodegeneration, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , 1011 Amsterdam ,","place":["The Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlotte","family":"Lambrechts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fujirebio Europe NV Department of Biomarker Development, , 9052 Ghent ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlotte","family":"De Rocker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fujirebio Europe NV Department of Biomarker Development, , 9052 Ghent ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonas","family":"Dubin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiomarker Research, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven , 3000 Leuven ,","place":["Belgium"]},{"name":"Laboratory Medicine, UZ Leuven- University Hospitals Leuven , 3000 Leuven ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fouke","family":"Ombelet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven , 3000 Leuven ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4116-192X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joke","family":"De Vocht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven , 3000 Leuven ,","place":["Belgium"]},{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven , 3000 Leuven ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikita","family":"Lamaire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven , 3000 Leuven ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eugeen","family":"Vanmechelen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fujirebio Europe NV Department of Biomarker Development, , 9052 Ghent ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5290-9476","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Koen","family":"Poesen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiomarker Research, Department of Neurosciences, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven , 3000 Leuven ,","place":["Belgium"]},{"name":"Laboratory Medicine, UZ Leuven- University Hospitals Leuven , 3000 Leuven ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4010-2357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philip","family":"Van Damme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven , 3000 Leuven ,","place":["Belgium"]},{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Leuven Brain Institute (LBI), KU Leuven , 3000 Leuven ,","place":["Belgium"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"10","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1918","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.14393","article-title":"Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A clinical review","volume":"27","author":"Masrori","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0000000000001294","article-title":"The genetics of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"37","author":"Nijs","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurol"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3760","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awad120","article-title":"Genetic variability in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"146","author":"Van Daele","year":"2023","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2022.1000183","article-title":"Synaptic dysfunction in ALS and FTD: Anatomical and molecular changes provide insights into mechanisms of disease","volume":"15","author":"Gelon","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Mol Neurosci"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24054613","article-title":"Synaptic dysfunction and plasticity in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"24","author":"Gulino","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B6","article-title":"The role of mutated SOD1 gene in synaptic stripping and MHC class I expression following nerve axotomy in ALS murine model","volume":"62","author":"Kassa","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur J Histochem"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-021-00433-8","article-title":"Altered network properties in C9ORF72 repeat expansion cortical neurons are due to synaptic dysfunction","volume":"16","author":"Perkins","year":"2021","journal-title":"Mol Neurodegener"},{"key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/srep37968","article-title":"Cortical synaptic and dendritic spine abnormalities in a presymptomatic TDP-43 model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"6","author":"Fogarty","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"22","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.adk3229","article-title":"Spinal inhibitory neurons degenerate before motor neurons and excitatory neurons in a mouse model of ALS","volume":"10","author":"Monta\u00f1ana-Rosell","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci Adv"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"649","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2022-330504","article-title":"UNC13A in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: From genetic association to therapeutic target","volume":"94","author":"Willemse","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"630.e3","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2011.10.029","article-title":"UNC13A is a modifier of survival in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"33","author":"Diekstra","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neurobiol Aging"},{"issue":"7899","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-04424-7","article-title":"TDP-43 represses cryptic exon inclusion in the FTD-ALS gene UNC13A","volume":"603","author":"Ma","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"7899","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-022-04436-3","article-title":"TDP-43 loss and ALS-risk SNPs drive mis-splicing and depletion of UNC13A","volume":"603","author":"Brown","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"734","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.adg7162","article-title":"Mis-spliced transcripts generate de novo proteins in TDP-43-related ALS\/FTD","volume":"16","author":"Seddighi","year":"2024","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"issue":"8001","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-024-07042-7","article-title":"A model of human neural networks reveals NPTX2 pathology in ALS and FTLD","volume":"626","author":"Hruska-Plochan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"24","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2302","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000004029","article-title":"Neurofilament markers for ALS correlate with extent of upper and lower motor neuron disease","volume":"88","author":"Poesen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B17","first-page":"12","article-title":"Neurofilaments in the diagnosis of motoneuron diseases: A prospective study on 455 patients","volume":"87","author":"Steinacker","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"22","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2247","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000001642","article-title":"Neurofilament light chain: A prognostic biomarker in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"84","author":"Lu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2204705","article-title":"Trial of antisense oligonucleotide tofersen for SOD1 ALS","volume":"387","author":"Miller","year":"2022","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1106","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awae396","article-title":"Rethinking phase 2 trials in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"148","author":"Benatar","year":"2025","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"681","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2021-327877","article-title":"Prognostic relationship of neurofilaments, CHIT1, YKL-40 and MCP-1 in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"93","author":"Masrori","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"12","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B22","first-page":"1338","article-title":"Inflammatory markers in cerebrospinal fluid: Independent prognostic biomarkers in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis?","volume":"90","author":"Gille","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"sup1","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1080\/21678421.2024.2448535","article-title":"Mapping the natural history of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: Time-to-event analysis of clinical milestones in the pan-European, population-based PRECISION-ALS cohort","volume":"26","author":"Caravaca Puchades","year":"2025","journal-title":"Amyotroph Lateral Scler Frontotemporal Degener"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-025-01762-2","article-title":"Influence of co-pathology on CSF and plasma synaptic markers SNAP25 and VAMP2 in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease","volume":"17","author":"Gaetani","year":"2025","journal-title":"Alzheimers Res Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-025-01716-8","article-title":"Novel CSF \u03b2-synuclein-specific assays signal early synaptic degeneration in Alzheimer's disease","volume":"17","author":"Bayoumy","year":"2025","journal-title":"Alzheimers Res Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.3233\/JAD-220318","article-title":"A combination of neurofilament light, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and neuronal pentraxin-2 discriminates between frontotemporal dementia and other dementias","volume":"90","author":"Bolsewig","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Alzheimers Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2017.283028","article-title":"Neurogranin as cerebrospinal fluid biomarker for Alzheimer disease: An assay comparison study","volume":"64","author":"Willemse","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"issue":"9","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a020370","article-title":"Astrocytes control synapse formation, function, and elimination","volume":"7","author":"Chung","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1275","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2015.1867","article-title":"Neurogranin as a cerebrospinal fluid biomarker for synaptic loss in symptomatic Alzheimer disease","volume":"72","author":"Kester","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2016.0086","article-title":"Diagnostic and prognostic utility of the synaptic marker neurogranin in Alzheimer disease","volume":"73","author":"Tarawneh","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-024-01409-8","article-title":"The use of synaptic biomarkers in cerebrospinal fluid to differentiate behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia from primary psychiatric disorders and Alzheimer's disease","volume":"16","author":"Das","year":"2024","journal-title":"Alzheimers Res Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1186\/s40478-022-01455-z","article-title":"Synaptic proteomics reveal distinct molecular signatures of cognitive change and C9ORF72 repeat expansion in the human ALS cortex","volume":"10","author":"Laszlo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol Commun"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.3.212","article-title":"Characterization of transcriptional regulation of neurogranin by nitric oxide and the role of neurogranin in SNP-induced cell death: Implication of neurogranin in an increased neuronal susceptibility to oxidative stress","volume":"3","author":"Gui","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Biol Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-010-8159-8","article-title":"NO orchestrates the loss of synaptic boutons from adult \u201csick\u201d motoneurons: Modeling a molecular mechanism","volume":"43","author":"Moreno-L\u00f3pez","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mol Neurobiol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1086\/425287","article-title":"A mutation in the vesicle-trafficking protein VAPB causes late-onset spinal muscular atrophy and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"75","author":"Nishimura","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.2003.013029","article-title":"A novel locus for late onset amyotrophic lateral sclerosis\/motor neurone disease variant at 20q13","volume":"41","author":"Nishimura","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Med Genet"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1186\/s40035-022-00320-2","article-title":"Association of variants in the KIF1A gene with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"11","author":"Liao","year":"2022","journal-title":"Transl Neurodegener"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.1000350","article-title":"An ALS-linked mutant SOD1 produces a locomotor defect associated with aggregation and synaptic dysfunction when expressed in neurons of Caenorhabditis elegans","volume":"5","author":"Wang","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Genet"},{"issue":"33","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11514","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5288-14.2015","article-title":"Ubiquitin-synaptobrevin fusion protein causes degeneration of presynaptic motor terminals in mice","volume":"35","author":"Liu","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5792","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-019-1501-x","article-title":"SNAP-25 in Serum is carried by exosomes of neuronal origin and is a potential biomarker of Alzheimer's disease","volume":"56","author":"Agliardi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol Neurobiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1126","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2025-336198","article-title":"Serum neuronal pentraxin 2 levels are associated with shorter survival in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"96","author":"Alali","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11051250","article-title":"Discovery of biomarkers for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis from human cerebrospinal fluid using mass-spectrometry-based proteomics","volume":"11","author":"Oh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1592","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-025-03565-2","article-title":"A cerebrospinal fluid synaptic protein biomarker for prediction of cognitive resilience versus decline in Alzheimer's disease","volume":"31","author":"Oh","year":"2025","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2414","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awae032","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid biomarker panel for synaptic dysfunction in a broad spectrum of neurodegenerative diseases","volume":"147","author":"Nilsson","year":"2024","journal-title":"Brain"},{"issue":"689","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.adf0141","article-title":"The neuronal pentraxin Nptx2 regulates complement activity and restrains microglia-mediated synapse loss in neurodegeneration","volume":"15","author":"Zhou","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp-2022-329124","article-title":"Cerebrospinal fluid \u03b2-synuclein as a synaptic biomarker for preclinical Alzheimer's disease","volume":"94","author":"Barba","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000139870.14385.3C","article-title":"Beta-synuclein gene alterations in dementia with Lewy bodies","volume":"63","author":"Ohtake","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"16","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23169364","article-title":"Synucleinopathy in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: A potential avenue for antisense therapeutics?","volume":"23","author":"Roberts","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1006\/geno.1998.5556","article-title":"Genomic organization and expression of the human beta-synuclein gene (SNCB)","volume":"54","author":"Lavedan","year":"1998","journal-title":"Genomics"},{"issue":"4","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1021\/acsmedchemlett.1c00682","article-title":"Discovery of phospholipase D inhibitors with improved drug-like properties and central nervous system penetrance","volume":"13","author":"May-Dracka","year":"2022","journal-title":"ACS Med Chem Lett"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1534\/genetics.119.302985","article-title":"Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis modifiers in Drosophila reveal the phospholipase D pathway as a potential therapeutic target","volume":"215","author":"Kankel","year":"2020","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14483","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-18719-2","article-title":"Syntaxin-1a and SNAP-25 expression level is increased in the blood samples of ischemic stroke patients","volume":"12","author":"Cappelletti","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12019","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-38684-8","article-title":"Impaired ATF3 signaling involves SNAP25 in SOD1 mutant ALS patients","volume":"13","author":"Yazar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"2","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1007\/s004010100449","article-title":"Differential expression between synaptic vesicle proteins and presynaptic plasma membrane proteins in the anterior horn of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"103","author":"Ikemoto","year":"2002","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathol"},{"issue":"10","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6856","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-019-1550-1","article-title":"Overview of impaired BDNF signaling, their coupled downstream serine-threonine kinases and SNARE\/SM Complex in the neuromuscular junction of the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis model SOD1-G93A mice","volume":"56","author":"Just-Borr\u00e0s","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol Neurobiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3027","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-021-23188-8","article-title":"Synaptic FUS accumulation triggers early misregulation of synaptic RNAs in a mouse model of ALS","volume":"12","author":"Sahadevan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"issue":"1","key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-023-01336-0","article-title":"Evaluation of cerebrospinal fluid levels of synaptic vesicle protein, VAMP-2, across the sporadic Alzheimer's disease continuum","volume":"15","author":"Goossens","year":"2023","journal-title":"Alzheimers Res Ther"},{"key":"2026070406114284000_fcag247-B58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"871","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trci.2019.11.002","article-title":"Alzheimer's disease neuroimaging initiative (ADNI); Worley P. Synaptic biomarkers in CSF aid in diagnosis, correlate with cognition and predict progression in MCI and Alzheimer's disease","volume":"5","author":"Galasko","year":"2019","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement (N Y)"}],"container-title":["Brain Communications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/braincomms\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/braincomms\/fcag247\/68621571\/fcag247.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/braincomms\/article-pdf\/8\/4\/fcag247\/68621571\/fcag247.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/braincomms\/article-pdf\/8\/4\/fcag247\/68621571\/fcag247.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,4]],"date-time":"2026-07-04T10:11:52Z","timestamp":1783159912000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/braincomms\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/braincomms\/fcag247\/8717925"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/braincomms\/fcag247","relation":{},"ISSN":["2632-1297"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2632-1297","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026]]},"article-number":"fcag247"}}