{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,12]],"date-time":"2026-08-12T16:34:19Z","timestamp":1786552459319,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785715200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":214,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Italian Ministry of University and Research"},{"name":"European Union\u2014Next Generation EU"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Growing evidence suggests that microplastics, particularly nanoplastics, may be neurotoxic. However, there are few studies of neurologic diseases, especially amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). In a hospital-based case-control study, we measured in vivo concentrations of nano- and microplastics (size 0.1\u201310\u2005\u00b5m) in serum and CSF among 24 newly diagnosed cases of ALS and 20 controls. Adjusting for sex and age, we found a strong positive association between serum and CSF microplastic concentrations and higher microplastic concentrations in the CSF and serum of ALS cases compared with controls. In spline regression analyses, CSF microplastic concentrations showed a positive monotonic association with odds of ALS. Serum microplastic concentrations also showed a positive association with ALS, but only above a certain threshold. Among ALS cases, serum\u2014but not CSF\u2014microplastic concentrations were positively associated with neurofilament light chain, a biomarker of neuroaxonal damage. Given the case-control design, we cannot rule out reverse causation (i.e. that ALS-related factors caused greater bioaccumulation of microplastics) or the possibility that the association reflects changes in lifestyle or other chemical exposures. However, the observed pattern raises the possibility of an aetiologic role of nano- and microplastics in motor neuron degeneration and indicates higher CNS concentrations of these chemicals in ALS cases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/braincomms\/fcag296","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]],"date-time":"2026-08-01T12:05:27Z","timestamp":1785585927000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Central nervous system concentrations of nano- and microplastics and risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0551-2473","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marco","family":"Vinceti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Modena 41125 ,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health , Boston, MA 02118 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margherita","family":"Ferrante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Public Health, Department of Medical Sciences, Surgical and Advanced Technologies \u2018G.F. Ingrassia\u2019, University of Catania , Catania 95123 ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2100-0344","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tommaso","family":"Filippini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Modena 41125 ,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley , Berkeley, CA 94704 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauren A","family":"Wise","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health , Boston, MA 02118 ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"Urbano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Modena 41125 ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Bedin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Modena 41125 ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulia","family":"Gianferrari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Modena 41125 ,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Modena Policlinico University Hospital , Modena 41126 ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Rapisarda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Public Health, Department of Medical Sciences, Surgical and Advanced Technologies \u2018G.F. Ingrassia\u2019, University of Catania , Catania 95123 ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5507-3894","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eloise","family":"Pulvirenti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Public Health, Department of Medical Sciences, Surgical and Advanced Technologies \u2018G.F. Ingrassia\u2019, University of Catania , Catania 95123 ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gea","family":"Oliveri Conti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Public Health, Department of Medical Sciences, Surgical and Advanced Technologies \u2018G.F. Ingrassia\u2019, University of Catania , Catania 95123 ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9244-9782","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jessica","family":"Mandrioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental, Genetic and Nutritional Epidemiology Research Center (CREAGEN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Modena 41125 ,","place":["Italy"]},{"name":"Department of Neurosciences, Modena Policlinico University Hospital , Modena 41126 ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026081211364932300_fcag296-B1","volume-title":"Dietary and inhalation exposure to nano- and microplastic particles and potential implications for human health","author":"World Health Organization"},{"key":"2026081211364932300_fcag296-B2"},{"key":"2026081211364932300_fcag296-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1030","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2018.01.024","article-title":"Current opinion: What is a nanoplastic?","volume":"235","author":"Gigault","year":"2018","journal-title":"Environ Pollut"},{"issue":"3","key":"2026081211364932300_fcag296-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.8b05297","article-title":"Are we speaking the same language? 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