{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T14:24:43Z","timestamp":1790691883951,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,11]],"date-time":"2020-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583884800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":70,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Youth Doctor Collaborative Innovation Team","award":["QC201803"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["QC201803"]}]},{"name":"Shanghai Ninth People\u2019s Hospital"},{"name":"Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine"},{"name":"Shanghai Youth Top-Notch Talent Program"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81772086"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81772086"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81701901"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81701901"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Shanghai Municipal Education Commission-Gaofeng Clinical Medicine Grant","award":["20161424"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20161424"]}]},{"name":"Shanghai \u201cRising Stars of Medical Talent\u201d Youth Development Program"},{"name":"Shanghai Jiaotong University \u201cChenxing\u201d Youth Development Program"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Numerous studies have shown that macrophages can orchestrate the microenvironment from the early stage of wound healing to the later stages of scar formation. However, few reviews have highlighted the significance of macrophages during the formation of abnormal scars. The purpose of this review was to outline the polarization of macrophages from early to late stage of pathological scar formation, focusing on spatiotemporal diversity of M1 and M2 macrophages. In this review, the role of macrophages in the formation of hypertrophic scars and keloids is summarized in detail. First, an increased number of M2 cells observed before injuries are significantly associated with susceptibility to abnormal scar pathogenesis. Second, decreased expression of M1 at the early stage and delayed expression of M2 at the late stage results in pathological scar formation. Third, M2 cells are highly expressed at both the margin and the superficial region, which is consistent with the invasive property of keloids. Finally, this review helps to characterize strategies for the prediction and prevention of pathological scar formation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/burnst\/tkaa006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,17]],"date-time":"2020-01-17T07:11:13Z","timestamp":1579245073000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":122,"title":["The role of macrophages in the formation of hypertrophic scars and keloids"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Xiangwen","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People\u2019s Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuchen","family":"Gu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People\u2019s Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, 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