{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T07:17:51Z","timestamp":1790320671919,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]],"date-time":"2021-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633046400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":273,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Blood-based biomarkers have proven to be a reliable measure of the severity and outcome of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in both murine models and patients. In particular, neuron-specific enolase (NSE), neurofilament light (NFL) and S100 beta (S100B) have been investigated in the clinical setting post-injury. Ethanol intoxication (EI) remains a significant comorbidity in TBI, with 30\u201340% of patients having a positive blood alcohol concentration post-TBI. The effect of ethanol on blood-based biomarkers for the prognosis and diagnosis of TBI remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of EI on NSE, NFL and S100B and their correlation with blood\u2013brain barrier integrity in a murine model of TBI.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We used ultra-sensitive single-molecule array technology and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methods to measure NFL, NSE, S100B and claudin-5 concentrations in plasma 3\u00a0hours post-TBI.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We showed that NFL, NSE and S100B were increased at 3\u00a0hours post-TBI. Interestingly, ethanol blood concentrations showed an inverse correlation with NSE but not with NFL or S100B. Claudin-5 levels were increased post-injury but no difference was detected compared to ethanol pretreatment. The increase in claudin-5 post-TBI was correlated with NFL but not with NSE or S100B.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Ethanol induces an effect on biomarker release in the bloodstream that is different from TBI not influenced by alcohol. This could be the basis of investigations into humans.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/burnst\/tkab027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,2]],"date-time":"2021-06-02T20:19:59Z","timestamp":1622665199000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Differential effect of ethanol intoxication on peripheral markers of cerebral injury in murine blunt traumatic brain injury"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Zhenghui","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Ulm University, ZBMF - Helmholtzstrasse 8\/1, 89081 Ulm, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Kaifeng Central Hospital, Kaifeng, 475000 Henan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Ulm University, ZBMF - Helmholtzstrasse 8\/1, 89081 Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steffen","family":"Halbgebauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Ulm University, ZBMF - Helmholtzstrasse 8\/1, 89081 Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akila","family":"Chandrasekar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Ulm University, ZBMF - Helmholtzstrasse 8\/1, 89081 Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rida","family":"Rehman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Ulm University, ZBMF - Helmholtzstrasse 8\/1, 89081 Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Albert","family":"Ludolph","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Ulm University, ZBMF - Helmholtzstrasse 8\/1, 89081 Ulm, Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Boeckers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Ulm, Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany, M24, Albert-Einstein Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Huber-Lang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical and Experimental Trauma-Immunology, University Hospital, ZBMF - Helmhotzstrasse 8\/1, 89081 Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Markus","family":"Otto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Ulm University, ZBMF - Helmholtzstrasse 8\/1, 89081 Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9935-6899","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Roselli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Ulm University, ZBMF - Helmholtzstrasse 8\/1, 89081 Ulm, Germany"},{"name":"German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florian olde","family":"Heuvel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Ulm University, ZBMF - Helmholtzstrasse 8\/1, 89081 Ulm, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021100103263315000_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2850","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2019.6375","article-title":"A Serum Protein Biomarker Panel Improves Outcome Prediction in Human Traumatic Brain Injury","volume":"36","author":"Thelin","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma."},{"key":"2021100103263315000_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1195","DOI":"10.1080\/02699052.2017.1357836","article-title":"Biofluid biomarkers of traumatic brain injury","volume":"31","author":"Agoston","year":"2017","journal-title":"Brain Inj."},{"key":"2021100103263315000_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjtee.2018.12.004","article-title":"Use of neuron-specific enolase to predict mild brain injury in motorcycle crash patients with maxillofacial fractures: A pilot study","volume":"22","author":"Ruslin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chin J Traumatol."},{"key":"2021100103263315000_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jemermed.2007.11.032","article-title":"The prognostic value of neuron-specific enolase in head trauma patients","volume":"38","author":"Meric","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Emerg Med."},{"key":"2021100103263315000_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1007\/s10143-008-0148-2","article-title":"Serum neuron-specific enolase as a predictor of short-term outcome and its correlation with Glasgow Coma Scale in traumatic brain injury","volume":"31","author":"Guzel","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neurosurg Rev."},{"key":"2021100103263315000_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1495","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2020.7372","article-title":"Serum Neuron-Specific Enolase Levels Associated with Connectivity Alterations in Anterior Default Mode Network after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury","volume":"38","author":"Sun","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Neurotrauma."},{"key":"2021100103263315000_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36791","DOI":"10.1038\/srep36791","article-title":"Serum neurofilament light protein predicts clinical outcome in traumatic brain injury","volume":"6","author":"Shahim","year":"2016","journal-title":"Sci Rep."},{"key":"2021100103263315000_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2412","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000009577","article-title":"Exosomal neurofilament light: A prognostic biomarker for remote symptoms after mild traumatic brain injury?","volume":"94","author":"Guedes","year":"2020","journal-title":"Neurology."},{"key":"2021100103263315000_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14114","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-14179-1","article-title":"Neurofilament light protein in CSF and blood is associated with neurodegeneration and disease severity in Huntington's disease R6\/2 mice","volume":"7","author":"Soylu-Kucharz","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci Rep."},{"key":"2021100103263315000_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.24552","article-title":"Neurofilament levels as biomarkers in asymptomatic and symptomatic familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis","volume":"79","author":"Weydt","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann Neurol."},{"key":"2021100103263315000_ref11","first-page":"102785","article-title":"Blood biomarkers on admission in acute traumatic brain injury: Relations to severity","volume":"56","author":"Czeiter","year":"2020","journal-title":"CT findings and care path in the CENTER-TBI study. 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