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An important feature of this condition is microvascular invasion (MVI). However, current predictive models based on imaging have limited efficacy in this regard. This study employed a random forest model to construct a predictive model for MVI identification and uncover its biological basis. Single-cell transcriptome sequencing, whole exome sequencing, and proteome sequencing were performed. The area under the curve of the prediction model in the validation set was 0.93. Further analysis indicated that MVI-associated tumor cells exhibited functional changes related to epithelial\u2013mesenchymal transition and lipid metabolism due to alterations in the nuclear factor-kappa B and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways. Tumor cells were also differentially enriched for the interleukin-17 signaling pathway. There was less infiltration of SLC30A1+ CD8+ T cells expressing cytotoxic genes in MVI-associated intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, whereas there was more infiltration of myeloid cells with attenuated expression of the major histocompatibility complex II pathway. Additionally, MVI-associated intercellular communication was closely related to the SPP1\u2013CD44 and ANXA1\u2013FPR1 pathways. These findings resulted in a brilliant predictive model and fresh insights into MVI.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/bgae052","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,1]],"date-time":"2024-08-01T19:23:35Z","timestamp":1722540215000},"page":"721-734","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Machine learning based on biological context facilitates the identification of microvascular invasion in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Shuaishuai","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University , 25 Taiping Road, Luzhou 646000, Sichuan Province ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, Ministry of Education , 79 Qingchun Road, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province 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