{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,3]],"date-time":"2026-10-03T02:12:06Z","timestamp":1790993526359,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,19]],"date-time":"2023-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1700352000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>ChatGPT is an online language-based platform designed to answer questions in a human-like way, using deep learning \u00adtechnology.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>To examine the diagnostic capabilities of ChatGPT using real-world anonymized medical dermatology cases.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Clinical information from 90 consecutive patients referred to a single dermatology emergency clinic between June and December 2022 were examined. Thirty-six patients were included. Anonymized clinical information was transcribed and input into ChatGPT 4.0 followed by the question \u2018What is the most likely diagnosis?\u2019 The suggested diagnosis made by ChatGPT was then compared with the diagnosis made by dermatology.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>After inputting clinical history and examination data obtained by a dermatologist, ChatGPT made a correct primary diagnosis 56% of the time (n = 20). Using the clinical history and cutaneous signs recorded by nonspecialists, it was able to make a correct diagnosis 39% of the time (n = 14). This was similar to the diagnostic rate of nonspecialists (36%; n = 13), but it was much lower than that of dermatologists (83%; n = 30). There was no differential offered by referring sources 28% of the time (n = 10), unlike ChatGPT, which provided a differential diagnosis 100% of the time. Qualitative analysis showed that ChatGPT offered responses with caution, often justifying its reasoning.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study illustrates that while ChatGPT has a diagnostic capability, in its current form it does not significantly improve the diagnostic yield in primary or secondary care.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ced\/llad402","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,18]],"date-time":"2023-11-18T20:59:45Z","timestamp":1700341185000},"page":"707-710","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["ChatGPT versus clinician: challenging the diagnostic capabilities of artificial intelligence in dermatology"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"49","author":[{"given":"Sophie","family":"Stoneham","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Royal South Hants Hospital, University Hospitals Southampton , Southampton , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Livesey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, St Mary\u2019s Hospital, Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS Trust , Portsmouth , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hywel","family":"Cooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, St Mary\u2019s Hospital, Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS Trust , Portsmouth , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Mitchell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, St Mary\u2019s Hospital, Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS Trust , Portsmouth , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024062516183969600_llad402-B1","article-title":"AI \u2018could be as transformative as Industrial Revolution\u2019","author":"Devlin"},{"key":"2024062516183969600_llad402-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1038\/nature21056","article-title":"Dermatologist-level classification of skin cancer with deep neural networks","volume":"542","author":"Esteva","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2024062516183969600_llad402-B3","author":"Red Flags for AI Smartphone Apps"},{"key":"2024062516183969600_llad402-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101029","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2023.101029","article-title":"ChatGPT: a pioneering approach to complex prenatal differential diagnosis","volume":"5","author":"Suhag","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM"},{"key":"2024062516183969600_llad402-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e943","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.19174","article-title":"Chat GPT in dermatology: progressive or problematic?","volume":"37","author":"Porter","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"2024062516183969600_llad402-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"542","DOI":"10.1111\/ced.14969","article-title":"Perceptions of the use of artificial intelligence in the diagnosis of skin cancer: an outpatient survey","volume":"47","author":"Lim","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dermatol"},{"key":"2024062516183969600_llad402-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e547","DOI":"10.1111\/ijd.16746","article-title":"The role of artificial intelligence in dermatology: the promising but limited accuracy of Chat GPT in diagnosing clinical scenarios.","volume":"62","author":"Ravipati","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"2024062516183969600_llad402-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1093\/mind\/LIX.236.433","article-title":"I. \u2013 Computing machinery and intelligence","volume":"LIX","author":"Turing","year":"1950","journal-title":"Mind"}],"container-title":["Clinical and Experimental Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ced\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ced\/llad402\/55378564\/llad402.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ced\/article-pdf\/49\/7\/707\/58327407\/llad402.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ced\/article-pdf\/49\/7\/707\/58327407\/llad402.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,25]],"date-time":"2024-06-25T16:19:15Z","timestamp":1719332355000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ced\/article\/49\/7\/707\/7429032"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,19]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,19]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,25]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ced\/llad402","relation":{},"ISSN":["0307-6938","1365-2230"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0307-6938","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2230","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,19]]}}}