{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T05:39:53Z","timestamp":1778218793603,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750204800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In people with lighter skin phototypes, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is typically nonpigmented and must be distinguished from other nonpigmented tumours. Although the dermoscopic features of SCC are well-known, some SCCs are challenging to recognize even with dermoscopy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the clinical and dermoscopic features responsible for an inaccurate clinical diagnosis of invasive SCC and potential clues that could help in the recognition of this tumour.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively screened our institutional database for clinically misdiagnosed SCCs over a 10-year time period (2013\u20132023). We then presented 10 expert dermoscopists with a series of clinical and dermoscopic images of misdiagnosed invasive SCCs and sought their opinion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In total, 73 SCCs from 73 patients (55 men and 18 women) aged 37\u201397\u2005years (mean 78.8) were included. Most tumours were located on the cheek (21%), followed by the forehead (16%), nose (12%) and scalp (12%). Thirty-seven SCCs were misdiagnosed as basal cell carcinoma, 15 as actinic keratosis, 10 as irritated seborrhoeic keratosis, 7 as Bowen disease, 2 as viral warts and 2 as cutaneous horn. White scales and keratin were voted by the experts as the main features (n = 34\/73) that might have helped in the accurate clinical diagnosis of the included SCCs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The dermoscopic characteristics of invasive SCC might overlap with other types of tumours. In challenging tumours, the presence of white scales and keratin might guide the accurate recognition of invasive SCC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ced\/llaf255","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,10]],"date-time":"2025-06-10T07:41:00Z","timestamp":1749541260000},"page":"2016-2021","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["How do we recognize a difficult squamous cell carcinoma? A retrospective analysis of clinically and dermoscopically misdiagnosed tumours"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"50","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9473-1239","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katarzyna","family":"Korecka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Pozna\u0144 University of Medical Sciences ,","place":["Poland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pawe\u0142","family":"Pietkiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zwierzyniecka Medical Center , Pozna\u0144 ,","place":["Poland"]},{"name":"Unitelematica Leonardo da Vinci , Zug ,","place":["Switzerland"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4896-1666","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beng\u00fc Nisa","family":"Akay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ankara University School of Medicine, Department of Dermatology , Ankara ,","place":["Turkey"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Iulia","family":"Badiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Department, Elias University Hospital, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest ,","place":["Romania"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Enzo","family":"Errichetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, University of Udine ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Konstantinos","family":"Liopyris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Andreas Syngros Hospital of Venereal and Dermatological Diseases, University of Athens , Athens ,","place":["Greece"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8218-3896","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caterina","family":"Longo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , Modena ,","place":["Italy"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ashfaq","family":"Marghoob","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York, NY ,","place":["USA"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristian","family":"Navarrete-Dechent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Melanoma and Skin Cancer Unit, Department of Dermatology, Escuela de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica de Chile , Santiago ,","place":["Chile"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Paoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg , Gothenburg ,","place":["Sweden"]},{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Region V\u00e4stra G\u00f6taland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital , Gothenburg ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Verce","family":"Todorovska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology Private Practice , Skopje, North \u00a0","place":["Macedonia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7193-0964","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aimilios","family":"Lallas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle 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