{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T18:40:56Z","timestamp":1792262456879,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]],"date-time":"2025-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756080000000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Displacement due to conflict and environmental crises in Sudan has intensified the burden of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs), particularly those with dermatological manifestations. This narrative review explores the relationship between displacement and skin-related NTDs in Sudan by synthesizing epidemiological data, health infrastructure challenges, social impacts and public health responses. Data were sourced from peer-reviewed literature, World Health Organization report, and humanitarian briefs published between 2000 and 2024. Our findings reveal that overcrowded living conditions, malnutrition and disruption of healthcare services have increased the transmission and severity of leishmaniasis, mycetoma, leprosy, lymphatic filariasis, onchocerciasis and scabies among internally displaced persons. Social stigma, financial hardship and poor access to treatment further amplify the disease burden. While public health interventions, such as mass drug administration and mobile outreach programmes, have shown effectiveness, ongoing conflict and inadequate resources continue to hamper these efforts. Strategic recommendations include scaling up surveillance, enhancing healthcare worker training through digital and in-person methods, improving medication access, and integrating NTD care into broader humanitarian responses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/ced\/llaf392","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,23]],"date-time":"2025-08-23T11:38:37Z","timestamp":1755949117000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The impact of displacement on skin-related neglected tropical diseases in Sudan"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2262-7838","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alaa Abdelmonim","family":"Elsaeed Elhag","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"End the Neglect Initiative, Research and Development , Khartoum ,","place":["Sudan"]},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum , Khartoum ,","place":["Sudan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4272-458X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iyas","family":"Dawood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"End the Neglect Initiative, Research and Development , Khartoum ,","place":["Sudan"]},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Omdurman Islamic University , Khartoum ,","place":["Sudan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salma Ibrahim","family":"Mohammed Adam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"End the Neglect Initiative, Research and Development , Khartoum ,","place":["Sudan"]},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum , Khartoum ,","place":["Sudan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nusaiba A Y","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"End the Neglect Initiative, Research and Development , Khartoum ,","place":["Sudan"]},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Khartoum , Khartoum ,","place":["Sudan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rana","family":"Osman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"End the Neglect Initiative, Research and Development , Khartoum ,","place":["Sudan"]},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Red Sea University , Port Sudan ,","place":["Sudan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nayyrah","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"End the Neglect Initiative, Research and Development , Khartoum ,","place":["Sudan"]},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Al Neelain University , Khartoum ,","place":["Sudan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdulhafiz Yaghoub","family":"Ali Abdulla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"End the Neglect Initiative, Research and Development , Khartoum ,","place":["Sudan"]},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Kassala , Kassala ,","place":["Sudan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2343-4982","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rawa","family":"Badri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"End the Neglect Initiative, Research and Development , Khartoum ,","place":["Sudan"]},{"name":"Mycetoma Research Centre, University of Khartoum , Khartoum ,","place":["Sudan"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026101713421496800_llaf392-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"556","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_432_18","article-title":"An outbreak of cutaneous leishmaniasis among a displaced population in North Sudan: review of cases","volume":"8","author":"Sulaiman","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Fam Med Prim Care"},{"key":"2026101713421496800_llaf392-B2","first-page":"183","article-title":"Climate change and neglected tropical diseases","volume":"21","author":"Gunasekaran","year":"2023","journal-title":"Medknow"},{"key":"2026101713421496800_llaf392-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(09)70122-7","article-title":"Ongoing neglect of leishmaniasis","volume":"9","author":"Burki","year":"2009","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"2026101713421496800_llaf392-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.13552","article-title":"Addressing the challenges to skin health of refugees and migrants in the WHO European region","volume":"26","author":"Bartovic","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trop Med Int Health"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"2026101713421496800_llaf392-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(01)90216-0","article-title":"Leishmaniasis in Sudan. 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