{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T16:50:07Z","timestamp":1774543807595,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]],"date-time":"2025-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758240000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004699","name":"Chung Shan Medical University Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CSH-C-007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CSH-C-007"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004699","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There are plausible mechanistic associations between hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) and peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD), which has significant clinical implications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study investigated the risk of incident PAOD in patients with HS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A retrospective cohort study using the TriNetX research network was conducted. Patients with HS were matched 1 : 1 with an HS-free control group based on demographic and clinical factors. The primary outcome was the incidence of PAOD, analysed using hazard ratios (HRs) and Kaplan\u2013Meier curves over a 15-year follow-up period. Sensitivity and stratification analyses were performed to validate the findings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Over a 15-year follow-up, patients with HS demonstrated a significantly higher risk of developing PAOD compared with matched patients without HS (HR 1.23, 95% CI 1.16\u20131.30) in the crude model. This risk persisted after adjusting for possible confounders. Kaplan\u2013Meier analysis showed a higher cumulative probability of PAOD in the HS cohort (adjusted HR 1.48, 95% CI 1.36\u20131.61, log-rank P-value of &amp;lt; 0.01) over the entire follow-up period. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these findings across various models. Stratification analyses indicated a consistent PAOD risk across sex and age subgroups, with higher risks observed in men (HR 1.79, 95% CI 1.54\u20132.09) and patients aged \u2265 65\u2005years (HR 1.77, 95% CI 1.53\u20132.04).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>HS is associated with an increased risk of PAOD, independent of traditional cardiovascular risk factors. These findings underscore the importance of cardiovascular risk assessment and management in patients with HS. Further research is needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and evaluate the impact of HS treatment on PAOD risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ced\/llaf423","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,17]],"date-time":"2025-09-17T12:12:31Z","timestamp":1758111151000},"page":"563-570","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association between hidradenitis suppurativa and peripheral arterial occlusion disease: a propensity-score-matched cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Hui-Chin","family":"Chang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Evidence-based Medicine Center, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital , Taichung ,","place":["Taiwan"]},{"name":"Library, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital , Taichung ,","place":["Taiwan"]},{"name":"School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University , Taichung ,","place":["Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shao-Wei","family":"Lo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yun-Feng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University , Taichung ,","place":["Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tsu-Man","family":"Chiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University , Taichung ,","place":["Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chao-Bin","family":"Yeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi-Sheng","family":"Jhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shiu-Jau","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital , Taipei ,","place":["Taiwan"]},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical University , New Taipei City ,","place":["Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8897-5635","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shuo-Yan","family":"Gau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Evidence-based Medicine Center, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital , Taichung ,","place":["Taiwan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]]},"reference":[{"issue":"Suppl","key":"2026032611533627100_llaf423-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2006.12.037","article-title":"Inter-society consensus for the management of peripheral arterial disease (TASC II)","volume":"45","author":"Norgren","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Vasc Surg"},{"key":"2026032611533627100_llaf423-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.16677","article-title":"Hidradenitis suppurativa: an update on epidemiology, phenotypes, diagnosis, pathogenesis, comorbidities and quality of life","volume":"35","author":"Nguyen","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"2026032611533627100_llaf423-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2965","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2018.02965","article-title":"Hidradenitis suppurativa: a systematic review integrating inflammatory pathways into a cohesive pathogenic model","volume":"9","author":"Vossen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2026032611533627100_llaf423-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.14024","article-title":"Cardiovascular disease risk factors in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies","volume":"173","author":"Tzellos","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"2026032611533627100_llaf423-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"867","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.15038","article-title":"Increased risk of cardiovascular comorbidities in hidradenitis suppurativa: a nationwide, population-based, cohort study in Taiwan","volume":"46","author":"Hung","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Dermatol"},{"key":"2026032611533627100_llaf423-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.14517","article-title":"Recommendations for the management of comorbidity in hidradenitis suppurativa","volume":"32","author":"Dauden","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"2026032611533627100_llaf423-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1111\/bjd.15998","article-title":"Hidradenitis suppurativa is associated with myocardial infarction, but not stroke or peripheral arterial disease of the lower extremities","volume":"178","author":"Miller","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"2026032611533627100_llaf423-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e463","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.174526","article-title":"ACC\/AHA 2005 Practice guidelines for the management of patients with peripheral arterial disease (lower extremity, renal, mesenteric, and abdominal aortic): a collaborative report from the American Association for Vascular Surgery\/Society for Vascular Surgery, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, Society for Vascular Medicine and Biology, Society of Interventional Radiology, and the ACC\/AHA Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Develop Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Peripheral Arterial Disease): endorsed by the American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Society for Vascular Nursing; TransAtlantic Inter-Society Consensus; and Vascular Disease Foundation","volume":"113","author":"Hirsch","year":"2006","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"2026032611533627100_llaf423-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1020","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(19)30255-4","article-title":"Global, regional, and national prevalence and risk factors for peripheral artery disease in 2015: an updated systematic review and analysis","volume":"7","author":"Song","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Global Health"},{"key":"2026032611533627100_llaf423-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1007\/s00296-022-05245-7","article-title":"Systematic review of associations between concomitant rheumatoid arthritis and peripheral arterial disease, health-related quality of life and functional capacity","volume":"43","author":"Zoubi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Rheumatol Int"},{"key":"2026032611533627100_llaf423-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2381","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000002381","article-title":"Inflammatory bowel disease increases the risk of peripheral arterial disease: a nationwide cohort study","volume":"94","author":"Lin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"2026032611533627100_llaf423-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1136540","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2023.1136540","article-title":"Association between psoriasis and peripheral artery occlusive disease: a population-based retrospective cohort study","volume":"10","author":"Yeh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Cardiovasc Med"},{"key":"2026032611533627100_llaf423-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.7150\/ijms.90086","article-title":"Association between hidradenitis suppurativa and atopic diseases: a multi-center, propensity-score-matched cohort study","volume":"21","author":"Chang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Int J Med Sci"},{"key":"2026032611533627100_llaf423-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1285560","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1285560","article-title":"Risk of osteoarthritis in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa: a global federated health network analysis","volume":"14","author":"Chang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2026032611533627100_llaf423-B15","first-page":"730","article-title":"New-onset hidradenitis suppurativa in psoriasis patients: a multi-center, retrospective cohort study","volume":"14","author":"Li","year":"2024","journal-title":"Life (Basel)"},{"key":"2026032611533627100_llaf423-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1957","DOI":"10.21873\/invivo.13652","article-title":"New-onset fibromyalgia after total knee replacement in patients with osteoarthritis: a propensity-score-matched cohort study in the United States","volume":"38","author":"Gau","year":"2024","journal-title":"In Vivo"},{"key":"2026032611533627100_llaf423-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1935","DOI":"10.3390\/cells11121935","article-title":"Regulation and dysregulation of endothelial permeability during systemic inflammation","volume":"11","author":"Hellenthal","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cells"},{"key":"2026032611533627100_llaf423-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7092151","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/7092151","article-title":"Vascular inflammation and oxidative stress: major triggers for cardiovascular disease","volume":"2019","author":"Steven","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oxid Med Cell Longev"},{"key":"2026032611533627100_llaf423-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1414","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14071414","article-title":"Lipid metabolism in inflammation and immune function","volume":"14","author":"Andersen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"2026032611533627100_llaf423-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.14076","article-title":"Assessment of subclinical atherosclerosis in hidradenitis suppurativa","volume":"31","author":"Pascual","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol"},{"key":"2026032611533627100_llaf423-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2016.02.009","article-title":"Inflammation induced changes in the expression levels of components of the microRNA maturation machinery Drosha, Dicer, Drosha co-factor DGRC8 and Exportin-5 in inflammatory lesions of hidradenitis suppurativa patients","volume":"82","author":"Hessam","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Dermatol Sci"},{"key":"2026032611533627100_llaf423-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1768","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2016.04.036","article-title":"Intrinsic defect in keratinocyte function leads to inflammation in hidradenitis suppurativa","volume":"136","author":"Hotz","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"2026032611533627100_llaf423-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117487","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2023.117487","article-title":"ICAM-1 and VCAM-1: gatekeepers in various inflammatory and cardiovascular disorders","volume":"548","author":"Singh","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"key":"2026032611533627100_llaf423-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1159\/000513044","article-title":"Implications of hidradenitis suppurativa phenotypes in cardiovascular risk and treatment decisions: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"237","author":"Cuenca-Barrales","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dermatology"},{"key":"2026032611533627100_llaf423-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0031-1278255","article-title":"Inflammation and platelet activation in peripheral arterial occlusive disease","volume":"16","author":"Montagnana","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Angiol"},{"key":"2026032611533627100_llaf423-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.119.312863","article-title":"Impaired regeneration contributes to poor outcomes in diabetic peripheral artery disease","volume":"40","author":"Fadini","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"2026032611533627100_llaf423-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3753","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23073753","article-title":"New and emerging targeted therapies for hidradenitis suppurativa","volume":"23","author":"Markota Cagalj","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2026032611533627100_llaf423-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jid.2018.10.020","article-title":"Apocrine gland-rich skin has a non-inflammatory IL-17-related immune milieu, that turns to inflammatory IL-17-mediated disease in hidradenitis suppurativa","volume":"139","author":"Jenei","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"2026032611533627100_llaf423-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11020318","article-title":"The impact of treatment with IL-17\/IL-23 inhibitors on subclinical atherosclerosis in patients with plaque psoriasis and\/or psoriatic arthritis: a systematic review","volume":"11","author":"Tsiogka","year":"2023","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"2026032611533627100_llaf423-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e399","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2021.07.069","article-title":"Methotrexate use and liver outcomes in psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis patients: a commentary on \u2018Risk of liver disease in patients with psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis and rheumatoid arthritis receiving methotrexate: a population-based study\u2019","volume":"85","author":"Gau","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"}],"container-title":["Clinical and Experimental Dermatology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ced\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ced\/llaf423\/64324250\/llaf423.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ced\/article-pdf\/51\/4\/563\/64324250\/llaf423.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ced\/article-pdf\/51\/4\/563\/64324250\/llaf423.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]],"date-time":"2026-03-26T15:53:45Z","timestamp":1774540425000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ced\/article\/51\/4\/563\/8258483"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,26]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ced\/llaf423","relation":{},"ISSN":["0307-6938","1365-2230"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0307-6938","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2230","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]]}}}