{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T22:44:50Z","timestamp":1788475490920,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772064000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Erythema multiforme (EM) is typically self-limiting. However, severe EM major may cause significant morbidity and lacks evidence-based therapeutic guidelines. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) has primarily been used in recurrent EM. This study evaluates IVIg use in severe first-episode or steroid-recalcitrant EM major. A retrospective analysis reviewed six patients with EM major treated with IVIg at a tertiary Australian hospital. IVIg was administered in eight instances. Disease triggers included Mycoplasma pneumoniae in three admissions, unknown aetiology in three admissions, rhinovirus\/influenza A in one admission and SARS-CoV-2 virus in one admission. Two patients developed recurrent EM. All patients received systemic corticosteroids. All patients received IVIg within 4\u2005days of admission, demonstrating complete response to therapy with a mean improvement time of 4.75\u2005days. IVIg was well tolerated and demonstrated efficacy in severe or corticosteroid-refractory EM major. Further studies are required to validate its efficacy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/ced\/llag098","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T12:43:29Z","timestamp":1772023409000},"page":"1276-1280","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Intravenous immunoglobulin as a therapy for severe or steroid-recalcitrant erythema multiforme major: a case series"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"51","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6733-418X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simone","family":"Mo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Monash Health , Clayton, VIC ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Monash Health , Clayton, VIC ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charlie Y","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Monash Health , Clayton, VIC ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Curnow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Monash Health , Clayton, VIC ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Royal Children\u2019s Hospital , Parkville, VIC ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francis Y X","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Monash Health , Clayton, VIC ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Skin Health Institute , Carlton, VIC ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Senhong","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Monash Health , Clayton, VIC ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Skin Health Institute , Carlton, VIC ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Eastern Health , Box Hill, VIC ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Monash University , Clayton, VIC ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026062510023920100_llag098-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"889","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-4632.2011.05348.x","article-title":"Clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of erythema multiforme: a review for the practicing dermatologist","volume":"51","author":"Sokumbi","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Dermatol"},{"key":"2026062510023920100_llag098-B2","first-page":"82","article-title":"Erythema multiforme: recognition and management","volume":"100","author":"Trayes","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am Fam 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Dermatol"},{"key":"2026062510023920100_llag098-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anai.2018.09.442","article-title":"Recurrent erythema multiforme, resolved after immunoglobulin replacement therapy in a patient with normal immunoglobulin levels","volume":"121","author":"McInerney","year":"2018","journal-title":"Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol"},{"key":"2026062510023920100_llag098-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1323","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0560.2009.01287.x","article-title":"Histiocytic erythema multiforme","volume":"36","author":"Sebastian","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Cutan Pathol"},{"key":"2026062510023920100_llag098-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"P95","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaad.2003.10.306","article-title":"Severe erythema multiforme responding to high dose intravenous immunoglobulin therapy","volume":"50","author":"Singh","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Am Acad 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