{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T07:05:37Z","timestamp":1788505537281,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772064000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82203919"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82203919"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Shunyi District for Health Improvement and Research","award":["Wsjkfzkyzx-2023-y-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Wsjkfzkyzx-2023-y-01"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Vulvar lichen sclerosus (VLS), vulvar lichen simplex chronicus (VLSC) and erosive vulvar lichen planus (EVLP) are the most common vulvar lichenoid dermatoses. They are frequently misdiagnosed in clinical practice, and comparative studies of these diseases remain limited.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To analyse the clinical characteristics and quality of life (QoL) burden of these three distressing vulvar diseases and to raise awareness of them.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective cross-sectional study analysed clinical registration data of adult patients diagnosed with VLS, VLSC or EVLP at a single-centre vulvar outpatient department from 2017 to 2025. The vulva was divided into nine anatomical regions to identify predilection sites. QoL was evaluated using either the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) or Vulvar Quality of Life Index (VQLI). Statistical analyses were conducted using GraphPad Prism version 8.2.1.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study included a total of 1177 patients, comprising 682 patients with VLS, 429 with VLSC and 66 with EVLP. The predilection sites varied among the three diseases: the labia minora along with the interlabial sulcus in VLS, the labia majora along with the interlabial sulcus in VLSC and the labia minora along with the vaginal opening in EVLP. In total, 941 patients were assessed using the DLQI. The median DLQI scores were 6.0, 7.0 and 7.0 for VLS, VLSC and EVLP, respectively, indicating a moderate effect on QoL. The remaining 236 patients were evaluated using the VQLI. The median VQLI scores were 12.0 for VLS and 13.0 for VLSC, indicating a mild impact on QoL, and 19.0 for EVLP, reflecting a moderate impact on QoL. The most affected domains included symptoms, feelings and emotions, future health concerns (VLS and VLSC) and sexual function (EVLP).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Clinicians and patients should pay greater attention to vulvar lichenoid dermatoses, particularly EVLP. Early diagnosis and treatment are essential to improve clinical symptoms, relieve discomfort and enhance affected patients\u2019 QoL.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ced\/llag103","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T12:48:45Z","timestamp":1772023725000},"page":"1449-1457","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Clinical spectrum and quality of life burden of vulvar lichenoid dermatoses: a cross-sectional study of 1177 patients"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Teng","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Beijing ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical 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,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kun","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianmin","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College , Beijing 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