{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T17:14:34Z","timestamp":1791220474136,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,5]],"date-time":"2021-12-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638662400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004941","name":"Guy\u2019s and St Thomas\u2019 NHS Foundation Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IS-BRC-1215\u201320006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IS-BRC-1215\u201320006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004941","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000764","name":"King\u2019s College London","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IS-BRC-1215\u201320006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IS-BRC-1215\u201320006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000764","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000289","name":"Cancer Research UK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["C30122\/A11527"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C30122\/A11527"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000289","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000289","name":"Cancer Research UK","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["C30122\/A15774"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C30122\/A15774"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000289","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009794","name":"Breast Cancer Now","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KCL-BCN-Q3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KCL-BCN-Q3"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009794","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Human B cells and their expressed antibodies are crucial in conferring immune protection. Identifying pathogen-specific antibodies following infection is possible due to enhanced humoral immunity against well-described molecules on the pathogen surface. However, screening for cancer-reactive antibodies remains challenging since target antigens are often not identified a priori and the frequency of circulating B cells recognizing cancer cells is likely very low. We investigated whether combined ex vivo culture of human B cells with three innate stimuli, interleukin-17 (IL-17), B-cell activation factor (BAFF), and the toll-like receptor 9 (TLR-9) agonist DNA motif CpG ODN 2006 (CpG), each known to activate B cells through different signalling pathways, promote cell activation, proliferation, and antibody production. Combined IL-17+BAFF+CpG prolonged B-cell survival and increased proliferation compared with single stimuli. IL-17+BAFF+CpG triggered higher IgG secretion, likely by activating differentiated, memory and class-switched CD19+CD20+CD27+IgD- B cells. Regardless of anti-FOLR antibody seropositive status, IL-17+BAFF+CpG combined with a monovalent tumour-associated antigen (folate receptor alpha [FOLR]) led to secreted antibodies recognizing the antigen and the antigen-expressing IGROV1 cancer cells. In a seropositive individual, FOLR stimulation favoured class-switched memory B-cell precursors (CD27-CD38-IgD-), class-switched memory B cells and anti-FOLR antibody production, while IL-17+BAFF+CpG combined with FOLR, promoted class-switched memory B-cell precursors and antibody-secreting (CD138+IgD-) plasma cells. Furthermore, IL-17+BAFF+CpG stimulation of peripheral blood B cells from patients with melanoma revealed tumour cell-reactive antibodies in culture supernatants. These findings suggest that innate signals stimulate B-cell survival and antibody production and may help identify low-frequency antigen-reactive humoral responses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/cei\/uxab005","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,12]],"date-time":"2022-01-12T13:52:48Z","timestamp":1641995568000},"page":"84-94","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Innate stimulation of B cells\n                    <i>ex vivo<\/i>\n                    enhances antibody secretion and identifies tumour-reactive antibodies from cancer patients"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"207","author":[{"given":"Panagiotis","family":"Karagiannis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section of Pneumology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany"},{"name":"St. John\u2019s Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King\u2019s College London, Guy\u2019s Hospital, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Correa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. John\u2019s Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King\u2019s College London, Guy\u2019s Hospital, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jitesh","family":"Chauhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. John\u2019s Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King\u2019s College London, Guy\u2019s Hospital, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony","family":"Cheung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. John\u2019s Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King\u2019s College London, Guy\u2019s Hospital, London, UK"},{"name":"Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King\u2019s College London, Guy\u2019s Cancer Centre, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Dominguez-Rodriguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. John\u2019s Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King\u2019s College London, Guy\u2019s Hospital, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuela","family":"Terranova-Barberio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. John\u2019s Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King\u2019s College London, Guy\u2019s Hospital, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert J","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. John\u2019s Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King\u2019s College London, Guy\u2019s Hospital, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Crescioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. John\u2019s Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King\u2019s College London, Guy\u2019s Hospital, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Spicer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King\u2019s College London, Guy\u2019s Hospital, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carsten","family":"Bokemeyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, Haematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation with Section of Pneumology, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katie E","family":"Lacy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. John\u2019s Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King\u2019s College London, Guy\u2019s Hospital, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sophia N","family":"Karagiannis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. John\u2019s Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, King\u2019s College London, Guy\u2019s Hospital, London, UK"},{"name":"Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King\u2019s College London, Guy\u2019s Cancer Centre, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022040410023508900_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2011.00077","article-title":"Exploiting human memory B cell heterogeneity for improved vaccine efficacy.","volume":"2","author":"Pauli","year":"2011","journal-title":"Front 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