{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T23:54:43Z","timestamp":1787874883024,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,23]],"date-time":"2022-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1653264000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82170961"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82170961"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81870764"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81870764"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,19]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a common chronic inflammatory disease occurring in the oral mucosa. Bacteria are a key driver of mucosal immune responses and can induce changes in gene expression and function of epithelial keratinocytes. IL-36\u03b3 can induce the expression of antimicrobial peptides, cytokines, and chemokines, and is widely involved in many chronic inflammatory diseases. Our aim is to explore the role of IL-36\u03b3 in the pathological process of OLP when Prevotella melaninogenica (P. melaninogenica) invades the oral mucosa. The expression of IL-36\u03b3 in OLP lesions and mice was detected by immunohistochemistry. Recombinant human IL-36Gamma (rhIL-36\u03b3) was used to treat oral keratinocytes and the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines were detected by qRT-PCR and ELISA. The expression of IL-36\u03b3 and TRPV1 was detected by western blotting following co-culturing P. melaninogenica with oral keratinocytes. The mRNA expression of IL-36\u03b3 was detected by qRT-PCR. From our results, IL-36\u03b3 was upregulated in OLP lesions. Exogenous rhIL-36\u03b3 promoted the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and antibacterial peptides in oral keratinocytes. The expression of IL-36\u03b3 was significantly increased following the stimulation of P. melaninogenica in oral keratinocytes and mice. TRPV1 activation was induced by P. melaninogenica and its activation enhanced the expression of IL-36\u03b3. IL-36Ra could reduce the inflammation in OLP in vitro. In summary, overexpression of IL-36\u03b3 in OLP lesions could promote its pathogenesis by inducing inflammation. P. melaninogenica invasion of oral keratinocytes could induce the expression of IL-36\u03b3 by the activation of TRPV1, thereby regulating the interaction between bacteria and oral epithelial cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/cei\/uxac054","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,23]],"date-time":"2022-05-23T19:08:25Z","timestamp":1653332905000},"page":"215-224","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["The mechanism on <i>Prevotella melaninogenica<\/i> promoting the inflammatory progression of oral lichen planus"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"209","author":[{"given":"Pan","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration, School of Stomatology, Tongji University , Shanghai , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ru-ru","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration 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