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Chronic and overactive inflammation due to an effector T-cell-mediated aberrant immune response ultimately leads to tissue damage and neuronal cell death. To counteract peripheral and neuroinflammatory responses, research is being focused on regulatory T cell enhancement as a therapeutic target. Regulatory T cells are an immunosuppressive subpopulation of CD4+ T helper cells essential for maintaining immune homeostasis. The cells play pivotal roles in suppressing immune responses to maintain immune tolerance. In so doing, they control T cell proliferation and pro-inflammatory cytokine production curtailing autoimmunity and inflammation. For nervous system pathologies, Treg are known to affect the onset and tempo of neural injuries. To this end, we review recent findings supporting Treg\u2019s role in disease, as well as serving as a therapeutic agent in multiple sclerosis, myasthenia gravis, Guillain\u2013Barre syndrome, Parkinson\u2019s and Alzheimer\u2019s diseases, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. An ever-broader role for Treg in the control of neurologic disease has been shown for traumatic brain injury, stroke, neurotrophic pain, epilepsy, and psychiatric disorders. To such ends, this review serves to examine the role played by Tregs in nervous system diseases with a focus on harnessing their functional therapeutic role(s).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/cei\/uxac084","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,30]],"date-time":"2022-08-30T18:38:12Z","timestamp":1661884692000},"page":"108-121","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":56,"title":["The potential for treg-enhancing therapies in nervous system pathologies"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"211","author":[{"given":"Katherine E","family":"Olson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska 68198 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R L","family":"Mosley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska 68198 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7831-0370","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Howard E","family":"Gendelman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, Center for Neurodegenerative Disorders, University of Nebraska Medical Center , Omaha, Nebraska 68198 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023031613380939100_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2018.00072","article-title":"An inflammation-centric view of neurological disease: beyond the neuron","volume":"12","author":"Skaper","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Cell 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