{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T22:09:16Z","timestamp":1791929356069,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,8]],"date-time":"2023-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1694131200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82060302"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82060302"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100022817","name":"Lanzhou University Second Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CY2021-MS-A04"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CY2021-MS-A04"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100022817","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100022817","name":"Lanzhou University Second Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CY2021-QN-B02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CY2021-QN-B02"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100022817","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Medical Innovation and Development Project of Lanzhou University","award":["lzuyxcx-2022-168"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["lzuyxcx-2022-168"]}]},{"name":"Higher Education Innovation Fund of Gansu Province","award":["2022B-051"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022B-051"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The excessive formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) has been demonstrated to be a pathogenic mechanism of idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM)-associated interstitial lung disease (ILD). This study aimed to answer whether an experimental autoimmune myositis (EAM) model can be used to study IIM-ILD and whether NETs participate in the development of EAM-ILD. An EAM mouse model was established using skeletal muscle homogenate and pertussis toxin (PTX). The relationship between NETs and the ILD phenotype was determined via histopathological analysis. As NETs markers, serum cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and serum citrullinated histone 3 (Cit-H3)-DNA were tested. The healthy mouse was injected with PTX intraperitoneally to determine whether PTX intervention could induce NETs formation in vivo. Neutrophils isolated from the peripheral blood of healthy individuals were given different interventions to determine whether PTX and skeletal muscle homogenate can induce neutrophils to form NETs in vitro. EAM-ILD had three pathological phenotypes similar to IIM-ILD. Cit-H3, neutrophil myeloperoxidase, and neutrophil elastase were overexpressed in the lungs of EAM model mice. The serum cfDNA level and Cit-H3-DNA complex level were significantly increased in EAM model mice. Serum cfDNA levels were increased significantly in vivo intervention with PTX in mice. Both PTX and skeletal muscle homogenate-induced neutrophils to form NETs in vitro. EAM-ILD pathological phenotypes are similar to IIM-ILD, and NETs are involved in the development of ILD in a murine model of EAM. Thus, the EAM mouse model can be used as an ideal model targeting NETs to prevent and treat IIM-ILD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/cei\/uxad104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,8]],"date-time":"2023-09-08T09:40:26Z","timestamp":1694166026000},"page":"126-136","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Neutrophil extracellular traps are involved in the occurrence of interstitial lung disease in a murine experimental autoimmune myositis model"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"215","author":[{"given":"Ling","family":"Bai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiarui","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cuiying Biomedical Research Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital , Lanzhou , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenlan","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feifei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peipei","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1565-1431","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sigong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital , Lanzhou , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024020707582104500_CIT0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2003.006122","article-title":"Interstitial lung disease, a common manifestation of newly diagnosed polymyositis and dermatomyositis","volume":"63","author":"Fathi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"2024020707582104500_CIT0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2377-11-143","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and favorable long-term outcomes for patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: a retrospective single center study in China","volume":"11","author":"Shu","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Neurol"},{"key":"2024020707582104500_CIT0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.03.00026703","article-title":"Interstitial lung disease in amyopathic dermatomyositis, dermatomyositis and polymyositis","volume":"22","author":"Cottin","year":"2003","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"2024020707582104500_CIT0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1111\/resp.13978","article-title":"Prednisolone and tacrolimus versus prednisolone and cyclosporin A to treat polymyositis\/dermatomyositis-associated ILD: a randomized, open-label trial","volume":"26","author":"Fujisawa","year":"2021","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"key":"2024020707582104500_CIT0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1586\/1744666X.2016.1139454","article-title":"Current and emerging treatment options for interstitial lung disease in patients with rheumatic disease","volume":"12","author":"Lee","year":"2016","journal-title":"Expert Rev Clin Immunol"},{"key":"2024020707582104500_CIT0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.2174\/187153006779025775","article-title":"Recent advances in the treatment of interstitial lung disease in patients with polymyositis\/dermatomyositis","volume":"6","author":"Kameda","year":"2006","journal-title":"Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets"},{"key":"2024020707582104500_CIT0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1282","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/keh723","article-title":"Interstitial lung disease in patients with polymyositis, dermatomyositis and amyopathic dermatomyositis","volume":"44","author":"Kang","year":"2005","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"key":"2024020707582104500_CIT0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2015.04.012","article-title":"Bleomycin in the setting of lung fibrosis induction: From biological mechanisms to counteractions","volume":"97","author":"Della Latta","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"key":"2024020707582104500_CIT0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.10042","article-title":"Adhesion molecule expression in experimental myositis","volume":"25","author":"Ito","year":"2002","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"key":"2024020707582104500_CIT0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9187","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.910904","article-title":"Interleukin-37 (IL-37) suppresses pertussis toxin-induced inflammatory myopathy in a rat model","volume":"24","author":"Yan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"key":"2024020707582104500_CIT0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1658","DOI":"10.1111\/jcmm.14858","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular traps activate lung fibroblast to induce polymyositis-related interstitial lung diseases via TLR9-miR-7-Smad2 pathway","volume":"24","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Cell Mol Med"},{"key":"2024020707582104500_CIT0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2013.00001","article-title":"NET balancing: a problem in inflammatory lung diseases","volume":"4","author":"Cheng","year":"2013","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2024020707582104500_CIT0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2016.00311","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular traps in pulmonary diseases: too much of a good thing","volume":"7","author":"Porto","year":"2016","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2024020707582104500_CIT0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1111\/cei.12319","article-title":"Enhanced formation and impaired degradation of neutrophil extracellular traps in dermatomyositis and polymyositis: a potential contributor to interstitial lung disease complications","volume":"177","author":"Zhang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"2024020707582104500_CIT0015","first-page":"650","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular traps-induced endothelial cell damage in the pathogenesis of dermatomyositis-associated interstitial lung disease","volume":"56","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi"},{"key":"2024020707582104500_CIT0016","first-page":"317","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular traps in ANCA-associated vasculitis and interstitial lung disease: a scoping review","volume":"12","author":"d\u2019Alessandro","year":"2022","journal-title":"Life (Basel)"},{"key":"2024020707582104500_CIT0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2017.09.012","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in autoimmune diseases: a comprehensive review","volume":"16","author":"Lee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"2024020707582104500_CIT0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1202388","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular trap-associated protein activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome is enhanced in lupus macrophages","volume":"190","author":"Kahlenberg","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"2024020707582104500_CIT0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e49","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000002799","article-title":"NLRP3 inflammasome activation contributes to mechanical stretch-induced endothelial-mesenchymal transition and pulmonary fibrosis","volume":"46","author":"Lv","year":"2018","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2024020707582104500_CIT0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683803","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.683803","article-title":"NLRP3 inflammasome assembly in neutrophils is supported by PAD4 and promotes NETosis under sterile conditions","volume":"12","author":"Munzer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2024020707582104500_CIT0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1111\/cei.12654","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular traps can activate alternative complement pathways","volume":"181","author":"Wang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"2024020707582104500_CIT0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593020","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.593020","article-title":"Cell-free DNA promotes thrombin autolysis and generation of thrombin-derived C-terminal fragments","volume":"12","author":"Saravanan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2024020707582104500_CIT0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-cellbio-020520-111016","article-title":"Cellular mechanisms of NETosis","volume":"36","author":"Thiam","year":"2020","journal-title":"Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol"},{"key":"2024020707582104500_CIT0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2536","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.02536","article-title":"DAMPs and NETs in sepsis","volume":"10","author":"Denning","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"2024020707582104500_CIT0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27841","article-title":"Damage-associated molecular pattern-activated neutrophil extracellular trap exacerbates sterile inflammatory liver injury","volume":"62","author":"Huang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"2024020707582104500_CIT0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2399","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2014070673","article-title":"Neutrophil extracellular trap-related extracellular histones cause vascular necrosis in severe GN","volume":"26","author":"Kumar","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2024020707582104500_CIT0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.169.1.117","article-title":"Pertussis toxin modulates the immune response to neuroantigens injected in incomplete Freund\u2019s adjuvant: induction of Th1 cells and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in the presence of high frequencies of Th2 cells","volume":"169","author":"Hofstetter","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"2024020707582104500_CIT0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2017.03.001","article-title":"Animal models in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies: How to overcome a translational roadblock","volume":"16","author":"Afzali","year":"2017","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"2024020707582104500_CIT0029","first-page":"14457","article-title":"Development of an improved animal model of experimental autoimmune myositis","volume":"8","author":"Kang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int J Clin Exp Pathol"},{"key":"2024020707582104500_CIT0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1107","DOI":"10.1002\/art.39017","article-title":"Injury and subsequent regeneration of muscles for activation of local innate immunity to facilitate the development and relapse of autoimmune myositis in C57BL\/6 mice","volume":"67","author":"Kimura","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024020707582104500_CIT0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3594","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI24609","article-title":"Pertussis toxin inhibits neutrophil recruitment to delay antibody-mediated clearance of Bordetella pertussis","volume":"115","author":"Kirimanjeswara","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"2024020707582104500_CIT0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1130","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1462-5822.2007.01115.x","article-title":"Retrograde transport of pertussis toxin in the mammalian cell","volume":"10","author":"Plaut","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell Microbiol"},{"key":"2024020707582104500_CIT0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1004150","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.ppat.1004150","article-title":"The inflammasome pyrin contributes to pertussis toxin-induced IL-1beta synthesis, neutrophil intravascular crawling and autoimmune encephalomyelitis","volume":"10","author":"Dumas","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS Pathog"},{"key":"2024020707582104500_CIT0034","first-page":"820","article-title":"Why do patients with myositis die? A retrospective analysis of a single-centre cohort","volume":"34","author":"Amaral Silva","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"2024020707582104500_CIT0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-3639.2011.00490.x","article-title":"Crawling phagocytes recruited in the brain vasculature after pertussis toxin exposure through IL6, ICAM1 and ITGalphaM","volume":"21","author":"Richard","year":"2011","journal-title":"Brain Pathol"}],"container-title":["Clinical and Experimental Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cei\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/cei\/uxad104\/52282458\/uxad104.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cei\/article-pdf\/215\/2\/126\/56607489\/uxad104.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cei\/article-pdf\/215\/2\/126\/56607489\/uxad104.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]],"date-time":"2024-02-07T09:27:13Z","timestamp":1707298033000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/cei\/article\/215\/2\/126\/7264051"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,8]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,8]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,7]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cei\/uxad104","relation":{},"ISSN":["0009-9104","1365-2249"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0009-9104","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-2249","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,8]]}}}