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Immune profiling analysis was undertaken of 10 secreted mediators contextualized with cellular source induced by six PAMPs in umbilical cord (CB; n\u2005=\u200521) and adult-blood (PBMC; n\u2005=\u200514) from a tertiary care hospital in South India. Differential cytokine expression analysis (minimum log2-fold difference; adj P-value\u2005&amp;lt;\u20050.05) identified bacterial PAMPs induced higher concentrations of IL-1\u03b2, IL-10, TNF-\u03b1 in adults versus IL-8, GM-CSF, IFN-\u03b3, and IL-2 in CB. CB responded to poly I:C and SARS-CoV-2 lysate with a dominant IL-8 response, whereas in PBMC, CXCL-10 dominated poly I:C, but not SARS-CoV-2, responses, highlighting potential IL-8 importance, in the absence of Type I Interferons, in antiviral CB immunity. Candida albicans was the only PAMP to uniformly induce higher secretion of effectors in CB. The predominant source of IL-8\/IL-6\/TNF-\u03b1\/IL-1\u03b2 in both CB and PBMC was polyfunctional monocytes and IFN-\u03b3\/IL-2\/IL-17 from innate lymphocytes. Correlation matrix analyses revealed IL-8 to be the most differentially regulated, correlating positively in CB versus negatively in PBMC with IL-6, GM-CSF, IFN-\u03b3, IL-2, consistent with more negatively regulated cytokine modules in adults, potentially linked to higher anti-inflammatory IL-10. Cord and adult blood from India respond robustly to PAMPs with unique effector combinations. These data provide a strong foundation to monitor, explore, mechanisms that regulate such immunity during the life course, an area of significant global health importance given infection-related infant mortality incidence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/cei\/uxae034","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,2]],"date-time":"2024-05-02T07:52:54Z","timestamp":1714636374000},"page":"263-278","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Immune profiling reveals umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells from South India display an IL-8 dominant, CXCL-10 deficient polyfunctional monocyte response to pathogen-associated molecular patterns that is distinct from adult blood cells"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"217","author":[{"given":"Vasista","family":"Adiga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Immunology Laboratory, Division of Infectious Diseases, St. John\u2019s Research Institute , Bangalore, Karnataka , India"},{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, PES University , Bangalore, Karnataka , India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hima","family":"Bindhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Immunology Laboratory, Division of Infectious Diseases, St. John\u2019s Research Institute , Bangalore, Karnataka , India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Asma","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Immunology Laboratory, Division of Infectious Diseases, St. John\u2019s Research Institute , Bangalore, Karnataka , India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nirutha","family":"Chetan Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Immunology Laboratory, Division of Infectious Diseases, St. John\u2019s Research Institute , Bangalore, Karnataka , India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Himanshu","family":"Tripathi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Immunology Laboratory, Division of Infectious Diseases, St. John\u2019s Research Institute , Bangalore, Karnataka , India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"George","family":"D\u2019Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Medicine, St. John\u2019s Medical College , Bangalore , India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mary","family":"Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, St. John\u2019s Research Institute , Bangalore, Karnataka , India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sudarshan","family":"Shivalingaiah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, St. John\u2019s Research Institute , Bangalore, Karnataka , India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Srishti","family":"Rao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, St. John\u2019s Research Institute , Bangalore, Karnataka , India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shanti","family":"K N","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, PES University , Bangalore, Karnataka , India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Hawrylowicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, King\u2019s College , London , UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pratibha","family":"Dwarkanath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nutrition, St. John\u2019s Research Institute , Bangalore, Karnataka , India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4260-258X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annapurna","family":"Vyakarnam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Immunology Laboratory, Division of Infectious Diseases, St. John\u2019s Research Institute , Bangalore, Karnataka , India"},{"name":"Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, Faculty of Life Science & Medicine, King\u2019s College , London , UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024080909370904100_CIT0001","author":"UNICEF"},{"key":"2024080909370904100_CIT0002","author":"UNICEF"},{"key":"2024080909370904100_CIT0003","author":"Ministry of Health and Family Welfare","year":"2021"},{"key":"2024080909370904100_CIT0004","author":"Sample Registration System. 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