{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T19:47:29Z","timestamp":1787168849775,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,24]],"date-time":"2024-07-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721779200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"Frieda-Marohn-Stiftung"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>T cells are one of the main drivers of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Infliximab (IFX) is used in the treatment of IBD as an anti-inflammatory drug to induce remission by neutralizing TNF\u03b1. We determined the individual chemokine\/homing receptor and cytokine profile in pediatric IBD patients before and during IFX therapy to identify predictive biomarkers for therapy success. Peripheral blood CD4+ cells from pediatric patients with IBD were immunomagnetically isolated and either directly analyzed by FACS for cell distribution and chemokine\/homing receptor expression or evaluated for cytokine production after in-vitro-stimulation. Twenty-one responders (RS) and 21 non-responders (NRS) were recruited. Before IFX therapy, flow cytometry revealed decreased percentages of na\u00efve conventional T cells in pediatric IBD patients. The proportions of CD62-L+ T cells were decreased in both CD and UC therapy responders. The cytokine profile of T cells was highly altered in IBD patients compared to healthy controls (HC). During IFX therapy, the frequencies of conventional memory and regulatory memory T cells expanded in both cohorts. IFX response was marked by a decrease of \u03b14\u03b27+ and IFN\u03b3+ memory T cells in both CD and UC. In contrast, frequencies of Lag-3+ T cells proved to be significantly increased in NRS. These observations were irrespective of the underlying disease. T cells of pediatric IBD patients display an activated and rather Th1\/Th17-shifted phenotype. The increased expression of the checkpoint molecule Lag-3 on T cells of NRS resembles a more exhausted phenotype than in RS and HC which appeared to be a relevant predictive marker for therapy failure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/cei\/uxae066","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,23]],"date-time":"2024-07-23T01:50:08Z","timestamp":1721699408000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Exhausted Lag-3+ CD4+ T cells are increased in pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"219","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2734-7181","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Schnell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg,\u00a0Erlangen, Bavaria ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Aicher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg,\u00a0Erlangen, Bavaria ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philipp A","family":"Schnegelsberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg,\u00a0Erlangen, Bavaria ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Benedikt","family":"Schwarz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg,\u00a0Erlangen, Bavaria ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannah","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg,\u00a0Erlangen, Bavaria ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ida","family":"Allabauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg,\u00a0Erlangen, Bavaria ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aline","family":"Rueckel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg,\u00a0Erlangen, Bavaria ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adrian P","family":"Regensburger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg,\u00a0Erlangen, Bavaria ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joachim","family":"Woelfle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg,\u00a0Erlangen, Bavaria ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9","family":"Hoerning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endoscopy, Department 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