{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T11:01:56Z","timestamp":1776423716301,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766102400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015542","name":"GSK Japan Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AS2021A000191254"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AS2021A000191254"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015542","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008868","name":"JST","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008868","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Science Technology Innovation","award":["JPMJFS2106"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JPMJFS2106"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by multiple organ involvement. It is known that cytokines produced from activated CD4+ T cells play a pivotal role in the development of SLE; however, the details of pathological processes remain unclear. The purpose of this study is to elucidate the role of activated CD4+ T cells on the pathogenesis of lupus using SLE murine models induced by toll like receptor 7 agonist imiquimod (IMQ). Lupus was induced in wild-type (WT) and interferon \u03b3 (IFN\u03b3)-deficient (IFN\u03b3\u2212\/\u2212) mice by topical IMQ treatment. Splenic T and B cell subsets were analyzed by flow cytometry. CD4+ T cells and B cells were isolated for co-culture to assess B cell differentiation and IgG production. Comprehensive lupus-like phenotypes were evaluated. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) was performed to characterize IFN\u03b3-associated cellular and molecular pathways. IMQ treatment increased IFN\u03b3-producing CD4+ T cells, along with Tfh cells, Tph cells, age-associated B cells, and plasma cells in WT mice. CD4+ T cells from IMQ-treated WT mice promoted B-cell differentiation and IgG production in co-culture assays. In IFN\u03b3\u2212\/\u2212 mice, lupus-like phenotypes were significantly attenuated, and co-cultured B cells showed reduced differentiation and IgG production. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed that IFN\u03b3 plays a critical role in promoting B cell differentiation and autoantibody production. IFN\u03b3 derived from activated CD4+ T cells plays a critical role in driving B-cell differentiation and promoting autoantibody production in IMQ-induced lupus.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/cei\/uxaf079","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T12:58:07Z","timestamp":1766062687000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pathogenic role of IFN\u03b3 from activated CD4+ T cells in lupus model mice induced by topical treatment with toll-like receptor agonist imiquimod"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"220","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5232-6120","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reona","family":"Tanimura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba , 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki 305-8575 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1708-4402","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuya","family":"Kondo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba , 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki 305-8575 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryota","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba , 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki 305-8575 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryohei","family":"Nishino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba , 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki 305-8575 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,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba , 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki 305-8575 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8682-8842","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kotona","family":"Furuyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba , 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki 305-8575 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ayako","family":"Ohyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba , 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki 305-8575 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ayako","family":"Kitada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba , 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki 305-8575 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2793-5589","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saori","family":"Abe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba , 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki 305-8575 ,","place":["Japan"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiromitsu","family":"Asashima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Tsukuba , 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki 305-8575 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