{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T19:06:54Z","timestamp":1792436814103,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,22]],"date-time":"2020-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600732800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"German Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["KR 3735\/3-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KR 3735\/3-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Max Planck Research Group"},{"name":"Erasmus Mundus Postdoctoral Fellowship"},{"name":"European Research Council Consolidator","award":["SENSOCOM 647051"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SENSOCOM 647051"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Despite a rise in the use of \u201clearning by doing\u201d pedagogical methods in praxis, little is known as to how the brain benefits from these methods. Learning by doing strategies that utilize complementary information (\u201cenrichment\u201d) such as gestures have been shown to optimize learning outcomes in several domains including foreign language (L2) training. Here we tested the hypothesis that behavioral benefits of gesture-based enrichment are critically supported by integrity of the biological motion visual cortices (bmSTS). Prior functional neuroimaging work has implicated the visual motion cortices in L2 translation following sensorimotor-enriched training; the current study is the first to investigate the causal relevance of these structures in learning by doing contexts. Using neuronavigated transcranial magnetic stimulation and a gesture-enriched L2 vocabulary learning paradigm, we found that the bmSTS causally contributed to behavioral benefits of gesture-enriched learning. Visual motion cortex integrity benefitted both short- and long-term learning outcomes, as well as the learning of concrete and abstract words. These results adjudicate between opposing predictions of two neuroscientific learning theories: While reactivation-based theories predict no functional role of specialized sensory cortices in vocabulary learning outcomes, the current study supports the predictive coding theory view that these cortices precipitate sensorimotor-based learning benefits.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhaa240","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,6]],"date-time":"2020-08-06T19:30:04Z","timestamp":1596742204000},"page":"513-528","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Visual Sensory Cortices Causally Contribute to Auditory Word Recognition Following Sensorimotor-Enriched Vocabulary Training"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Brian","family":"Mathias","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Technical University Dresden, Dresden 01187, Germany"},{"name":"Research Group Neural Mechanisms of Human Communication, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leona","family":"Sureth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group Neural Mechanisms of Human Communication, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8084-1330","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gesa","family":"Hartwigsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lise Meitner Research Group Cognition and Plasticity, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuela","family":"Macedonia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group Neural Mechanisms of Human Communication, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany"},{"name":"Institute for Information Engineering, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katja M","family":"Mayer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Psychology, University of M\u00fcnster, M\u00fcnster, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katharina","family":"von Kriegstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chair of Cognitive and Clinical Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Technical University Dresden, Dresden 01187, Germany"},{"name":"Research Group Neural Mechanisms of Human Communication, Max Planck Institute for Human Cognitive and Brain Sciences, Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2020121009242888100_ref1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Learning foreign language vocabulary with gestures and 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