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We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) phenotypes in 471 neonates. We used a hierarchical functional principal regression model (HFPRM) to perform joint analysis of 44 fiber bundles. HFPRM revealed a latent measure of white matter microstructure that explained approximately 50% of variation in our tractography-based measures and accounted for a large proportion of heritable variation in each individual bundle. An intronic SNP in PSMF1 on chromosome 20 exceeded the conventional GWAS threshold of 5 x 10\u22128 (p\u2009=\u20094.61 x 10\u22128). Additional loci nearing genome-wide significance were located near genes with known roles in axon growth and guidance, fasciculation, and myelination.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhaa266","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,15]],"date-time":"2020-09-15T11:14:56Z","timestamp":1600168496000},"page":"933-948","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Genome-Wide Association Analysis of Neonatal White Matter Microstructure"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"J","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. 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Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Blanchett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetics and Genome Sciences Program, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J J","family":"Crowley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA"},{"name":"Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J P","family":"Szatkiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA"},{"name":"Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 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