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These impairments affect visual perception and have been hypothesized to arise from imbalances in cortical excitatory and inhibitory activity. There is conflicting evidence for this hypothesis from several recent studies of transgenic mouse models of ASD; crucially, none have measured activity from identified excitatory and inhibitory neurons during simultaneous impairments of sensory perception. Here, we directly recorded putative excitatory and inhibitory population spiking in primary visual cortex (V1) while simultaneously measuring visual perceptual behavior in CNTNAP2\u2212\/\u2212 knockout (KO) mice. We observed quantitative impairments in the speed, accuracy, and contrast sensitivity of visual perception in KO mice. During these perceptual impairments, stimuli evoked more firing of inhibitory neurons and less firing of excitatory neurons, with reduced neural sensitivity to contrast. In addition, pervasive 3\u201310\u00a0Hz oscillations in superficial cortical layers 2\/3 (L2\/3) of KO mice degraded predictions of behavioral performance from neural activity. Our findings show that perceptual deficits relevant to ASD may be associated with elevated cortical inhibitory activity along with diminished and aberrant excitatory population activity in L2\/3, a major source of feedforward projections to higher cortical regions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhab025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,26]],"date-time":"2021-01-26T07:11:06Z","timestamp":1611645066000},"page":"3462-3474","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Diminished Cortical Excitation and Elevated Inhibition During Perceptual Impairments in a Mouse Model of Autism"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Joseph","family":"Del Rosario","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anderson","family":"Speed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4721-4183","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hayley","family":"Arrowood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cara","family":"Motz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA"},{"name":"Atlanta VA Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Decatur, GA 30033, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Machelle","family":"Pardue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA"},{"name":"Atlanta VA Center for Visual and Neurocognitive Rehabilitation, Decatur, GA 30033, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6382-1426","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bilal","family":"Haider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology & Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021061207560103200_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.2009.2022.308809","article-title":"Rhythmic activity in the medial and orbital frontal cortices tracks reward value and the vigor of consummatory behavior","author":"Amarante","year":"2020","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"key":"2021061207560103200_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.books.9780890425596","volume-title":"Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders : DSM-5","author":"American Psychiatric Association. 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