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The auditory steady-state response (ASSR) is the most robust index for gamma oscillations, and it is impaired in patients with neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia and autism. Although ASSR reduction is known to vary in terms of frequency and time, the neural mechanisms are poorly understood. We obtained high-density electrocorticography recordings from a wide area of the cortex in 8 patients with refractory epilepsy. In an ASSR paradigm, click sounds were presented at frequencies of 20, 30, 40, 60, 80, 120, and 160\u00a0Hz. We performed time-frequency analyses and analyzed intertrial coherence, event-related spectral perturbation, and high-gamma oscillations. We demonstrate that the ASSR is globally distributed among the temporal, parietal, and frontal cortices. The ASSR was composed of time-dependent neural subcircuits differing in frequency tuning. Importantly, the frequency tuning characteristics of the late-latency ASSR varied between the temporal\/frontal and parietal cortex, suggestive of differentiation along parallel auditory pathways. This large-scale survey of the cortical ASSR could serve as a foundation for future studies of the ASSR in patients with neuropsychiatric disorders.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhab103","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,6]],"date-time":"2021-04-06T11:17:46Z","timestamp":1617707866000},"page":"4518-4532","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":46,"title":["Global and Parallel Cortical Processing Based on Auditory Gamma Oscillatory Responses in Humans"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Mariko","family":"Tada","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan"},{"name":"International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN), UTIAS, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenji","family":"Kirihara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yohei","family":"Ishishita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Megumi","family":"Takasago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naoto","family":"Kunii","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takanori","family":"Uka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Integrative Physiology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, 1110 Shimokato, Chuo, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seijiro","family":"Shimada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenji","family":"Ibayashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kensuke","family":"Kawai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Jichi Medical University, 3311-1 Yakushiji, Shimotsuke, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nobuhito","family":"Saito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daisuke","family":"Koshiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mao","family":"Fujioka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The 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