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Here, we compare covariance networks constructed from the correlation of morphometric volumes across 135 brain regions of marmoset monkeys in early adolescence and adulthood. Substantial shifts are identified in the topology of structural covariance networks in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and temporal lobe. PFC regions become more structurally differentiated and segregated within their own local network, hypothesized to reflect increased specialization after maturation. In contrast, temporal regions show increased inter-hemispheric covariances that may underlie the establishment of distributed networks. Regionally selective coupling of structural and maturational covariance is revealed, with relatively weak coupling in transmodal association areas. The latter may be a consequence of continued maturation within adulthood, but also environmental factors, for example, family size, affecting brain morphology. Advancing our understanding of how morphological relationships within higher-order brain areas mature in adolescence deepens our knowledge of the developing brain\u2019s organizing principles.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhab470","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,19]],"date-time":"2021-11-19T15:12:38Z","timestamp":1637334758000},"page":"4128-4140","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Higher-order brain regions show shifts in structural covariance in adolescent marmosets"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8857-1320","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shaun K L","family":"Quah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge , Cambridge, CB2 3EB, UK"},{"name":"Department of Physiology , Development and Neuroscience, , Cambridge CB2 3EB, UK"},{"name":"University of Cambridge , Development and Neuroscience, , Cambridge 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UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela C","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge , Cambridge, CB2 3EB, UK"},{"name":"Department of Physiology , Development and Neuroscience, , Cambridge CB2 3EB, UK"},{"name":"University of Cambridge , Development and Neuroscience, , Cambridge CB2 3EB, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4210-9816","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephen J","family":"Sawiak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Behavioural and Clinical Neuroscience Institute, University of Cambridge , Cambridge, CB2 3EB, UK"},{"name":"Department of Physiology , Development and Neuroscience, , Cambridge CB2 3EB, UK"},{"name":"University of Cambridge , Development and Neuroscience, , Cambridge CB2 3EB, UK"},{"name":"Wolfson Brain Imaging Centre, University of Cambridge, 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