{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T09:28:21Z","timestamp":1740130101334,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,30]],"date-time":"2022-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1643500800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["18\u00a0K18066","21\u00a0K17757"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18\u00a0K18066","21\u00a0K17757"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Expectations concerning the timing of a stimulus enhance attention at the time at which the event occurs, which confers significant sensory and behavioral benefits. Herein, we show that temporal expectations modulate even the sensory transduction in the auditory periphery via the descending pathway. We measured the medial olivocochlear reflex (MOCR), a sound-activated efferent feedback that controls outer hair cell motility and optimizes the dynamic range of the sensory system. MOCR was noninvasively assessed using otoacoustic emissions. We found that the MOCR was enhanced by a visual cue presented at a fixed interval before a sound but was unaffected if the interval was changing between trials. The MOCR was also observed to be stronger when the learned timing expectation matched with the timing of the sound but remained unvaried when these two factors did not match. This implies that the MOCR can be voluntarily controlled in a stimulus- and goal-directed manner. Moreover, we found that the MOCR was enhanced by the expectation of a strong but not a weak, sound intensity. This asymmetrical enhancement could facilitate antimasking and noise protective effects without disrupting the detection of faint signals. Therefore, the descending pathway conveys temporal and intensity expectations to modulate auditory processing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhac002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,11]],"date-time":"2022-01-11T20:13:01Z","timestamp":1641931981000},"page":"5121-5131","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Expectations of the timing and intensity of a stimulus propagate to the auditory periphery through the medial olivocochlear reflex"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Sho","family":"Otsuka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Frontier Medical Engineering , , Chiba , Japan"},{"name":"Chiba University , , Chiba , Japan"},{"name":"NTT Communication Science Laboratoires , , Kanagawa , Japan"},{"name":"NTT Corporation , , Kanagawa , Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seiji","family":"Nakagawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Frontier Medical Engineering , , Chiba , Japan"},{"name":"Chiba University , , Chiba , Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shigeto","family":"Furukawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NTT Communication Science Laboratoires , , Kanagawa , Japan"},{"name":"NTT Corporation , , Kanagawa , Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022111607492244500_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2018.09.026","article-title":"Oculomotor inhibition reflects temporal expectations","volume":"184","author":"Amit","year":"2019","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"2022111607492244500_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.12018","article-title":"The effect of auditory cortex deactivation on stimulus-specific adaptation in the inferior colliculus of the rat","volume":"37","author":"Anderson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur J Neurosci"},{"key":"2022111607492244500_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2012.05.003","article-title":"Cortical oscillations and sensory predictions","volume":"16","author":"Arnal","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"key":"2022111607492244500_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9806","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0925-19.2019","article-title":"Rhythmic temporal expectation boosts neural activity by increasing neural gain","volume":"39","author":"Auksztulewicz","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Neurosci"},{"key":"2022111607492244500_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2889","DOI":"10.1121\/1.2169918","article-title":"Time-course of the human medial olivocochlear reflex","volume":"119","author":"Backus","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Acoust Soc Am"},{"key":"2022111607492244500_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2466","article-title":"The descending corticocollicular pathway mediates learning-induced auditory plasticity","volume":"13","author":"Bajo","year":"2010","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"2022111607492244500_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2006.01.010","article-title":"Repetition effects to sounds: evidence for predictive coding in the auditory system","volume":"10","author":"Baldeweg","year":"2006","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"key":"2022111607492244500_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1006\/cogp.2000.0738","article-title":"Expectancy, attention, and time","volume":"41","author":"Barnes","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cogn Psychol"},{"key":"2022111607492244500_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2882","DOI":"10.1121\/1.5079311","article-title":"Examining replicability of an otoacoustic measure of cochlear function during selective attention","volume":"144","author":"Beim","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Acoust Soc Am"},{"key":"2022111607492244500_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2011.08.003","article-title":"Early electrophysiological indicators for predictive processing in audition: a review","volume":"83","author":"Bendixen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Psychophysiol"},{"key":"2022111607492244500_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1001","DOI":"10.1097\/01.wnr.0000223392.82198.6d","article-title":"Are you ready? 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