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However, it is unclear which side of stimulation provides most advantages for auditory development. The left hemisphere dominance of speech and linguistic processing in normal hearing adult brain has led to the assumption of functional and developmental advantages of right over left implantation, but existing evidence is controversial. To test this assumption and provide evidence for clinical choice, we examined 34 prelingually deaf children with unilateral cochlear implants using near-infrared spectroscopy. While controlling for age of implantation, residual hearing, and dominant hand, cortical processing of speech showed neither developmental progress nor influence of implantation side weeks to months after implant activation. In sharp contrast, for nonspeech (music signal vs. noise) processing, left implantation showed functional advantages over right implantation that were not yet discernable using clinical, questionnaire-based outcome measures. These findings support the notion that the right hemisphere develops earlier and is better preserved from adverse environmental influences than its left counterpart. This study thus provides, to our knowledge, the first evidence for differential influences of left and right auditory peripheral stimulation on early cortical development of the human brain.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhac025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,25]],"date-time":"2022-01-25T12:13:01Z","timestamp":1643112781000},"page":"5438-5454","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Differential auditory cortical development in left and right cochlear implanted children"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Yuyang","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing 100050, China"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital (First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University) , Changsha 610041, 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China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shinan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhikai","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing 100050, China"},{"name":"Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University , Beijing 100043, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Min","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University , Beijing 100875, 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